锂离子电池正极材料的结构设计与改性.docx

第23卷第

2011年3月

2/3期

化学进展

PROGRESSINCHEMISTRY

Vol.23No.2/3

Mar.，

2011

锂离子电池正极材料的结构设计与改性

*

王兆翔陈立泉黄学杰

(中国科学院物理研究所固态离子学实验室北京100190)

摘要正极材料是目前锂离子电池中锂离子的唯一或主要提供者，也是锂离子电池能量密度提高和

价格降低的瓶颈。本文在简要介绍几类典型的正极材料结构、性能特点及存在的主要问题后，重点介绍本实

验室近年来在正极材料的表面改性和结构设计方面的研究进展

。

关键词锂离子电池正极材料表面改性结构设计掺杂

中图分类号:TM912.4;TM910.2文献标识码:A文章编号:1005-281X(2011)

02/3-0284-18

StructuralDesignandModificationofCathode

MaterialsforLithiumIonBatteries



WangZhaoxiangChenLiquanHuangXuejie

(LaboratoryforSolidStateIonics，InstituteofPhysics，ChineseAcademyofSciences，Beijing100190，China)

AbstractThecathode(positiveelectrode)isthesingle(ormajor)

donoroflithiumionsincurrentlithium

ionbatteries.Itisbecomingthebottlenecktotheincreaseofenergydensityandthedecreaseofcostoflithiumion

batteries.Thisreviewpresentstheresearchprogressinourlaboratoryinsurfacemodificationandstructural

designingofcathodematerialsafterabriefintroductiontothestructures，

theperformancefeaturesandthemain

problemsofsometypicalcathodematerials.

Keywordslithiumionbattery;cathodematerials;surfacemodifications;structuraldesigning;

substitution

olivinestructuredcathodematerials

Contents

2.1Theory-guidedstructuraldesignandelemental

1IntroductionofcathodematerialsdopingtoLiFePO

4

1.1Hexagonallayer-structuredLiMO2.2Olivine-structuredphosphatesolidsolutions

(M=Ni，2

Co，orMn)

2.3Summary

1.2Hexagonallayer-structuredmulti-transition-metal3Electrolytecorrosionandsurfacemodification

LiMO3.1Electrolytecorrosiontoelectrodesurfaces

2

1.3Lithium-richcathodematerialsxLiMO

·(1－x)

23

3.2Newunderstandingandnewwaysofsurface

LiM′Omodification

2

1.4Spinel-structuredLiMnO3.3Summary

24

1.5Olivine-structuredLiMPO4Prospectstohigh-capacitycathodematerials

4

1.6Boratecathodematerials

锂离子电池从诞生到现在经历了不足20年的1.7Otherpolyanioncathodematerials

时间，其应用领域已经从最初