国际贸易实务chapter-7.ppt

Chapter7InternationalCargoTransport国际货运Charterships租船运输-hireanentireship-justifiableonlyforlargeorders-threetypes: voyagecharter定程租船 timecharter定期租船 bareboatcharter光租船MajorcharacteristicsoflinersAlinerisavesselwithregularsailingandarrivalonastatedschedulebetweenagroupofspecificports.Themainfeaturesoflinersusuallyinclude:a.Thelinerhasaregularline,port,timetableandcomparativelyfixedfreight，whichisthebasicfeaturesoflinersb.Theship-ownerusuallyleasespartofshippingspaceinsteadofthewholeship.c.Thecarrierisresponsibleforloadingandunloadingoperations,i.e.,GrossTerms.Therefore,thepriceoflinerishigherthanthatinchartertransport.d.TheB/Ldrawnbytheshippingcompanyistheshippingcontractbetweenthecarrierandtheconsignor.TherightsandobligationsofthecarrierandtheconsignorarebasedontheB/Ldrawnbytheshippingcompany.基本运费的计算标准Waysofcalculatingthebasiccharges(基本运费):1) Byweightton（重量吨）,shortenedasW/T.Aweighttoncanbeametrictonoralongton,asisdecidedbythelinercompanies.CargoesthatarechargedbyW/Taremarked“W”.P.S.此处为毛重2) Bymeasurementton（尺码吨）,shortenedasM/T.Ameasurementtoniseitheronecubicmeteror40cubicfeet.CargoesthatarechargedbyM/Taremarked“M”.W/TandM/Taretogethercalledfreightton（运费吨）.Generally,thefirstisappliedtogoodswithmoregravitywhilethelatterwithlessgravitybutlargespace.重量吨适用于重量大，体积小的货物。尺码吨适用于体积大但是重量轻的货物。按惯例，1重量吨中的货物，但是体积超过1立方米的，为“轻货”，按体积计收运费；反之，1重量吨的货物，体积小于1立方米的，为“重货”，按重量计收运费。班轮运费的计算1.商品的准确英译名称;2.从货物分级表中查出该商品的等级;3.从航线等级表中查出货物运抵目的港的基本运费率;4.基本运费率乘以货物数量,即为基本运费;5.查出该批货物的附加费,加上基本运费即为总运费.Freight=basicfreight+surcharges=basicfreightrate*(1+surchargerate)*weight/volume/quantity运费＝基本运费+附加费=基本运费率*（1＋附加费率）*计费重量/体积/数量例题：上海运往肯尼亚蒙巴萨港口“门锁”一批计100箱，每箱体积为20CM*30CM*40CM，毛重为25公斤。当时燃油附加费为30％，蒙巴萨港口