基于PLC控制立体仓库的研发.docx

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基于PLC控制立体仓库的研发

摘要

立体储运系统，又称基于PLC程序控制的自动化立体储运系统，是当前较为先进且前沿的货物储运解决方案。该系统能够显著提升库房空间利用率，实现货物的自由存取，且人工操作简便快捷，代表着全球储运技术的尖端水平。立体储运系统的构成主要包括：由钢材或混凝土构建的主体货架结构；大量采用轻质塑料材料制成的托盘；在仓库巷道中执行货物搬运任务的堆垛机；仓库出入口配置的输送带机构；以及用于仓库管理的计算机与扫码设备。

本文主要阐述了一个大型自动化立体储运系统的设计模型。设计过程始于三维仓库的机械结构设计，涵盖建筑材料的选用、仓库模型的构建、立柱结构的设计以及采用叉状机构进行的关键结构制作。随后，需开发一台操作便捷、结构简洁的巷道堆垛机，包括选定其组成部件和结构类型，如减速装置、电动发动机等，并进行机械结构设计及材料选择。最终，本设计选用适宜的PLC软件进行控制程序设计，通过编程调试，确保机械满足设计要求，成功开发出能够全面模拟大型自动化立体库功能的模型装置。

关键词：PLC编程巷道式堆垛机机械结构选材选型

ResearchandDevelopmentofaPLC-ControlledAutomatedWarehouseSystem

Abstract

Theautomatedwarehousesystem,alsoknownasthePLCprogram-controlledautomatedwarehousesystem,isacutting-edgeandadvancedsolutionforcargostorageandtransportation.Thissystemsignificantlyimprovestheutilizationrateofwarehousespace,Theautomatedwarehousesystemmainlyconsistsof:themainrackstructurebuiltofsteelorconcrete;palletsmadeoflightweightplasticmaterials;stackercranesthatperformcargohandlingtasksinwarehouseaisles;conveyorbeltmechanismsconfiguredatwarehouseentrancesandexits;andcomputersandscanningdevicesforwarehousemanagement.

Thispapermainlydescribesthedesignmodelofalarge-scaleautomatedwarehousesystem.Thedesignprocessbeginswiththemechanicalstructuredesignofathree-dimensionalwarehouse,coveringtheselectionofbuildingmaterials,theconstructionofthewarehousemodel,thedesignofthepillarstructure,andtheproductionofkeystructuresusingforkedmechanisms.Subsequently,astackercranewitheasyoperationandsimplestructureneedstobedeveloped,includingtheselectionofitscomponentsandstructuraltypes,suchasreductiondevices,electricmotors,etc.,andthemechanicalstructuredesignandmaterialselection.Finally,thisdesignselectsappropriatePLCsoftwareforcontrolprogramdesign,throughprogramminganddebugging,toensurethatthemachinemeetsthedesignrequirement