园艺专业英语 -Special English for Horticultur23课件讲解.pptx

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2024-12-18 发布于陕西
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园艺专业英语 -Special English for Horticultur23课件讲解.pptx

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《园艺专业英语》SpecialEnglishforHorticulture

SoilSalinization土壤盐碱化

Letslookatapicturefirst.Thesurfaceofthesoiliscoveredwithsomesaltcrystals.Wereferstothephenomenonorprocessofsaltaccumulationinthesurfacesoilassoilsalinization.

Thesalinityandsodicitylevelsofsoilareincreasinginmanyareasaroundtheworld.Aridandsemi-aridregionsaswellascroplandsofcoastalareasareamongthemostaffectedareas,thoughthisprocessalsooccursonothertypesofland.Theprocessofsoilsalinizationcanbesummarizedasfollowings:“Saltcomeswithwater,waterseepsintothegroundandsaltremains”.

Soilsalinizationisamultifactorialphenomenonthatcanoccurnaturallybyraisingsealevelorwaterintrusionfromsea,riverorgroundwater,butcanalsobeofanthropogenicoriginthroughagriculturalintensification,inappropriatemanagementpractices,anduseofmineralizedirrigationwaterorexcessiveapplicationofmineralfertilizers.

Climatechangemayaccentuatethisprocessandinhibitplantgrowth,affectingsmallfarmersandruralcommunitiesmoreacutely,whohavefewermeanstoprevent,manageandmitigate/adapttosoilsalinization.

Thesesoilsundergoarapiddeclineofhealth,losingtheircapacityforbiomassproduction,naturalfiltration,carbonsequestrationandothernecessaryecosystemfunctions.Itevenleadstosoilsabandonedbyfarmingsincefarmersrenouncecultivatingthesesoilscompletely.

Salt-affectedsoilsareamajorglobalchallenge,andeverycountryneedstobeconcernedbytheconsequencesofsalinizationandsodificationsinceitrelatedtotheecologicalenvironmentandsustainabledevelopment.

Chinahasnearly1.5billionmuofsaline-alkaliland,mainlydistributedintheNorthwestChina,NortheastChina,NorthChinaandcoastalareasofChina.Amongthem,nearlyonetenthofthesaline-alkaliland(nearly150millionmu)hasthepotentialfordevelopmentandutilizationandisanimportantrese