英语文体学教案.docVIP

PAGE

PAGE1

第一章

1.1DefinitionofStylistics

Stylisticshaslongbeenconsideredasahighlysignificantbutverydiscussiblebranchoflearning.Itisconcernedwithvariousdisciplinessuchaslinguistics,semantics,pragmaticsandliterature.Thewordstylistics(‘styl’componentrelatesstylistictoliterarycriticism,andthe‘istics’componenttolinguistics).Sostylisticsisthebridgeoflinguisticsandliterature.Stylisticsisthestudyofliterarydiscoursefromalinguisticorientation.”(文体学是从语言学的角度研究文学语篇)

Stylisticsisaninterdisciplinedbranchoflearningwhichstudiesvariousdifferencesbetweenformalandinformal,betweendeviantandnormal,betweenmagnificentandplain,betweenprofessionalandpopular,betweenforeignanddomestic,betweenthisandthatindividual.

1.2TheDevelopmentofStylistics

Thedatewhenstylisticsbecameafieldofacademicinquiryisdifficulttodetermine.Howeverstylisticsisoftenconsideredasbothanoldandayoungbranchoflearning.Itisold,becauseitoriginatedfromtheancient“rhetoric”.ThefamousancientGreekphilosophersSocrates,PlatoandAristotleallcontributedalottothisbranchoflearning.Itisyoung,becausetheword“stylistics”firstappearedonlyin1882,andthefirstbookonstylisticswaswrittenbyaFrenchscholarCharlesBallyin1902andwaspublishedin1909:TraitedeStylistiqueFrancaise.Thisbookisoftenconsideredasalandmarkofmodernstylistics.Consequently,anumberofmorecoherentandsystematicworksofbothatheoreticalandapracticalnaturewerepublishedinthefield.

ThesubjectofstudyinBally’stimewasoraldiscourse.Ballyconsideredthatapartfromthedenotativemeaningexpressedbythespeaker4,therewasusuallyan“overtone”whichindicateddifferent“feelings”,andthetaskofstylisticswastofindoutthelinguisticdevicesindicatingthesefeelings.

Later,theGermanscholarL.Spitzer(1887-1960),begantoanalyzeliteraryworksfro