定语从句详讲.pdf

定语从句

1、在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词后面。

2、引导定语从句的关联词：

关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose

关系副词：why,where,when

①who,whom用于指人，但whom只能用作宾语

Ilikethegirlwhoisreadingoverthere

Ilikethegirl()youaretalkingto.

②whose指人，在定语从句中作定语，用在名词前

Iknowtheboywhosefatherisapoliceman.

③when指时间，在定语从句中作状语

I’llneverforgetthedaywhenyouleft.

④where指地点，在定语从句中作状语

Thisisthehousewherewelivedlaseyear.

⑤why指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。

Nobodyknowsthereasonwhyheisoftenlateforschool.

⑥that既可以指人，也可以指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时

不可省略，作宾语时可省略。

Theboythatisrunningismybrother.

Ilikethebook(that)youarereading.

⑦which指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省

略。

ThedeskwhichisnexttoTom’sismine.

Thefilm(which)wesawlastnightwaswonderful.

例题

1、—Doyouknowtheman__istalkingwithyourfather?

—Yes,he’sourheadmaster.

A、heB、whoC、whichD、whom

2、Theman__coatisblackiswaitingatthegate.

A、who’sB、whoseC、thatD、ofwhich

3、Nobobyknowsthereason__shedidn’tcometothemeeting.

A、thatB、whichC、whyD、when

4、Iloveplaces__thepeoplearereallyfriendly.

A、thatB、whichC、whereD、who

5、Hehasforgottentheday__hearrived.

A、whenB、whereC、thatD、which

注意：

1、关系代词在定语从句作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须

和先行词一致。

Thegirl__isreadingunderthetree__mysister.

A、which;isB、whom;wasC、who;isD、who;was

2、that和which的区别

⑴只能用that

①先行词是all,few,little,nothing,everying,anything,none,theone等代

词。

Youshouldhandinallthatyouhave.

Imeantheonethatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.

②先行词前面有only,any,few,little,no,all,oneof,thesame,thevery,the

only,thelast等词修饰时。

Theonlythingthatwecandoistogiveyou