《语言学导论》第05章练习及答案).pdfVIP

《语言学导论》第05章练习及

答案)

Semantics

I.DecidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsisTrueorFalse.

1.Dialectalsynonymscanoftenbefoundindifferentregionaldialectssuchas

BritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishbutcannotbefoundwithinthevarietyitself，

forexample，withinBritishEnglishorAmericanEnglish.

2.Senseisconcernedwiththerelationshipbetweenthelinguisticelementand

thenon-linguisticworldofexperience，whilethereferencedealswiththeinherent

meaningofthelinguisticform.

3.Linguisticformshavingthesamesensemayhavedifferentreferencesin

differentsituations.

4.Insemantics，meaningoflanguageisconsideredastheintrinsicand

inherentrelationtothephysicalworldofexperience.

5.Contextualismisbasedonthepresumptionthatonecanderivemeaningfrom

orreducemeaningtoobservablecontexts.

6.Behavioristsattemptedtodefinethemeaningofalanguageformasthe

situationinwhichthespeakeruttersitandtheresponseitcallsforthinthehearer.

7.Themeaningofasentenceisthesumtotalofthemeaningsofallits

components.

8.Mostlanguageshavesetsoflexicalitemssimilarinmeaningbutranked

differentlyaccordingtotheirdegreeofformality.

9.“itishot.”isano-placepredicationbecauseitcontainsnoargument.

10.Ingrammaticalanalysis，thesentenceistakentobethebasicunit，butin

semanticanalysisofasentence，thebasicunitispredication，whichisthe