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英美文化教程复习资料
一、知识点:英国部分
1、英国组成,国旗,国歌:
TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritianandNorthernIrelandisaunionmadeupoffourconstituentcountries:England,
Scotland,Wales,andNorthernIreland.
TheUnionJackisthenationalflagandGodSavetheKing/Queenisusedasthenationalanthem.
2、英国语言经历点阶段:hehistoryoftheEnglishlanguagehasgenerallybeendividedintoOldEnglish,spokenbythe
ancientGermanslastingfrom450to1150;MiddleEnglishfrom1151to1500;andModernEnglishbeginningfrom
1501.
3、抵抗丹麦的皇帝:AlfredtheGreat,KingofWessex
大宪章:TheGreatCharter
TheGreatCharterisamostimportantdocumentinEnglandhistory.Ithasbeencalledthecornerstone“”ofEnglish
history.TheGreatCharterprovidesthatthekingshouldpermitmerchantstomoveaboutfreelyandshouldobserve
theprivilegesofthevarioustowns,whichweregrowinginnumberandsize.
4、宪章运动In1837theLondonWorkingman’sAssociationworkedoutthefamousdocument,ThePeople’sCharter
ThePeople’sCharterconstitutedsixpoints:(人民宪章)
(1)Votesforallmales.
(2)AnnualelectionofParliament(insteadofgeneralelectioneverysevenyears).
(3)PaymentofMembersofParliament(sothatpoormencouldaffordtotakepartinpoliticalactivities).
(4)Secretvoting(sothattoavoidbriberyandintimidation).
(5)AbolitionofpropertyqualificationsforParliamentMembers(sothatworkerscouldseektobeelected).
(6)Equalelectoraldistricts(sothatthelargepopulationoftheworkerscouldenjoyacorrespondingshareofthe
votes).
ThePeople’sCharterwasformallyadoptedatameetingofworkersheldonAugust8,1838,onNewhallHill.
In1840,theChartistMovementwit
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