高考英语（外研版）：单元检测（四） a social survey — my neighbourhood 含解析.docVIP

单元检测（四）ASocialSurvey—MyNeighbourhood

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Itisnotalwaysagoodthingtopraisechildrenbecause“empty”wordsmaymakethemunhappy.Wordssuchas“welldone”maymakethemdoubttheirownabilities,aleadingpsychologistStephenGroszhaswarned.Hesaysthatwordssuchas“youresoclever”or“youresuchanartist”couldalsohinder(妨碍)theirfuturedevelopmentatschool.Hesaysthatsuchemptypraisecauseschildrentobeunhappyastheymaysaytheycantliveuptotheseexpectations.

Insteadheadvisesparentsandteacherstopraisechildrenlessfrequentlyandusewordslike“tryingreallyhard”.Mr.Groszsaid,“Emptypraiseisasbadasthoughtlesscriticism.Peopleoftenpaynoattentiontochildrensfeelingsandthoughts.”Healsomentionsresearchshowingthatchildrenwhoareheavilypraisedprobablyperformworseatschool.

SomepsychologistsfromColumbiaUniversityasked128pupilsaged10and11toworkoutanumberofmathproblems.Afterwards,someweretold,“Youdidreallywell—youresoclever.”Butheresearcherstoldtheothergroup,“Youdidreallywell—youmusthavetriedreallyhard.”Bothgroupsofchildrenwerethengivenmoredifficultquestionsandthosewhohadbeentoldtheywerecleverdidnotdoaswellastheothers.

HesaysthatwhencollectinghisdaughterfromaschoolneartheirhomeinNorthLondon,heheardateachertellher,“Youhavedrawnthemostbeautifultree.Welldone.”Later,aftershehaddoneanotherdrawing,thesameteachersaid,“Wow,youarereallyanartist.”Inhisbook,Mr.Groszwrites,“HowcouldIexplaintotheteacherthatIwouldpreferitifshedidnotpraisemydaughter？”

Asaparentoftwochildren,IstronglyagreewithMr.Grosz.Ipraisethemwhenpraisingisprovenright.IwantthemtoknowifIpraisethem,theyhavedonesomethingbeyondmyexpectation,beyondwhattheyareabletodo.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。对孩子进行过多的表扬会给他们带来不利影响。

1．WhichofthefollowingpraisedoesMr.Gr