一轮复习微专题 考向18 被动语态（课件）.ppt

Wearegoingtotakethehigh-speedtraintoXiantomorrow,soanearlyarrivalatthestation____________.A．advises B．isadvisedC．isadvising D．wasadvised√—Howbrightandcleanyourclassroomis!—Thankyou.Ourclassroom????????everyday.A．wascleaned B．cleanedC．iscleaned D．cleans√—The20thWorldCupinBrazil,right?—Yes．Itthissummer.A．held;tookplace B．washeld;wastakenplaceC．held;wastakenplace D．washeld;tookplace√–Willteachers_____bycomputersinthefuture,Tony?–Maybeyes,maybeno.ButI’msurewe’lllearnfrombothofthem.A．havereplaced B．arereplacingC．arereplaced D．bereplaced√Thesearethephotosthat_____inHangzhou.A．weretaken B．aretakenC．took D．Iwastaken√含义语态(voice)是个语法范畴，它是一种动词形式，表示动词的主语与该动词所表示的动作之间的主动和被动关系。当主语是动作的执行者时，动词用主动语态（ActiveVoice）；如果主语是动作的承受者，动词便用被动语态（PassiveVoice）。句子结构被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词+(bysb)(用done表示)”构成。be+过去分词(PP)+(by…)被动语态结构例句一般现在时be(am/is/are)+doneThiskindofcarismadeinChina.这种车是中国制造的。一般过去时be(was/were)+doneTheflyingdiskwasinventedbycollegestudents.这种飞碟游戏是大学生们发明的。常见的几种时态的被动结构一般将来时will/begoingto+be+doneThebridgewillbefinishedinamonth.这座桥将在一个月内竣工。过去将来时would/begoingto+bedoneHesaidthebookwouldbepublishednextSunday.他说这本书下周天将会出版。现在进行时be(am/is/are)+being+doneTheproposalisbeingconsiderednow.这个提案现在正在被考虑。过去进行时be(was/were)+being+doneMr.Wuwasinhospital.Whenwewenttoseehim,hewasbeingoperatedon.现在完成时have/has+been+doneTheexperimenthasbeendonesuccessfully.这个实验做得很成功。过去完成时had+been+doneThefirehadbeenputoutwhenfirefightersarrived.当消防员到的时候，火已经被熄灭了。含情态动词的被动语态情态动词+be+doneTablescouldbemadeofstoneatthattime.那时桌子是由石头制成。在被动句中有时用by-词组，有时不用。一般来说，当动作的执行者为谁不甚清楚，不甚重要或难以说出时，通常不用by。但有时为了强调动作执行者或者由于上下和结构上的需要则必须使用by词组。例如：HamletwaswrittenbyShakespeare.

《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚写的。◆主动语态和被动语态的转换使用被动语态的情况：1.不知道或没