概念意义和关联意义.ppt

ThelexicalmeaningofEnglishwordsconsistsofconceptual（概念意义）meaningandassociativemeaning（关联意义）.Conceptualmeaningisthecoreofword’smeaning.Itreferstotheobjectdirectlyandclearly.Soitisalsocalledreferentialmeaning.LexicalmeaningAssociativemeaning(关联意义）Conceptualmeaning(概念意义)/Referentialmeaning(所指意义)第2页,共16页，星期六，2024年，5月Whenconceptualmeaningissettled,thismeaningisrelativelystableandclear.Ithasrelativestability.Associativemeaningistheaddedmeaning(附带意义）oftheword,includingpersonalaffections(感情色彩)andstylemeaning(文体意义）.Ithastocorrespondpersonalunderstandingsofthespeaker.Associativemeaningisveryunstable,andcanchangeeasilyaccordingtothesituation.第3页,共16页，星期六，2024年，5月Father：父亲Dad:父亲，爸爸(informal)Daddy:oftenusedbyyoungchildrenPapa:(old-fashioned),usedbychildrentotalkaboutandaddresstheirfatherTheoldman:某人的父亲Maleparent:男性家长（formal)Theyhavethesameconceptualmeaning”father”,buttheirusagesaredifferentaccordingtothedifferentsituations.第4页,共16页，星期六，2024年，5月Thesameconcept”伤害”.Injury：toharmyourselforsb.elsephysically,especiallyinaccidents.e.g.Inthetrafficaccident,twowerekilledandthreegetinjured.Wound:aninjurytopartofthebody,especiallyoneinwhichaholeismadeintheskinusingaweapon.e.g.Thesoldierwasbadlywoundedinthehead.Hurt:lessinformalthaninjury,oftenusedorally,referringtothephysicalharm.e.g.Thegirlfelloffherbike,andoneofherlegshurt.Harm:oftenusedorally,physicallyormentally,cancauseupsete.g.Gettingupearlywon’tharmyou!早起对你没有害处!第5页,共16页，星期六，2024年，5月Words’conceptualmeaningisvirtuallythedefinitiongivenbydictionaries.Awordcanbeusedtoindicatenotonlythecollectivitybutalsotheindividual.That’stosay,awordcanhasboththegenericandspecificreference.Thesearesomeexamplestodemonstratethis