2024-2025学年陕西省渭南市大荔县高二上学期期末学业水平评估英语试题（解析版）.docx

高级中学名校试卷

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陕西省渭南市大荔县2024-2025学年高二上学期

期末学业水平评估英语试卷

第一部分听力（略）

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Herearetheintroductionsandachievementsoffourscientists.

J?nsJacobBerzelius

J?nsJacobBerzeliuswasaSwedishchemist,oftenreferredtoasoneofthefoundersofmodernchemistry.Hedevelopedasystemofchemicalsymbols,whichlaidthefoundationfortheestablishmentofthemodernperiodictable.Berzeliusalsomadeimportantdiscoveriesinthefieldofelectrochemistry.

NielsHenrikDavidBohr

NielsHenrikDavidBohrwasaDanishphysicist.Heproposedtheatomic(原子的)modelknownastheBohrmodel,whichexplainedthebehaviorofelectronsmovinginfixedenergylevelsororbitsaroundtheatomicnucleus.Hismodelhelpedexplainthespectraofelementsandlaidthegroundworkforfurtherdevelopmentsinatomicphysics.

RobertBoyle

RobertBoyle,borninIreland,wasregardedasoneofthefoundersofmodernchemistry,knownforBoyle’slaw.Boyle’slawdescribestherelationshipbetweenthepressureandvolume(体积)ofagasatconstanttemperature.Boyle’sworklaidthefoundationforthemodernunderstandingofgasbehaviorandpromotedthedevelopmentofscientificexperimentalmethods.

WilliamLawrenceBragg

WilliamLawrenceBraggwasaBritishphysicistborninAustraliawhomadesignificantcontributionstoX-raycrystallography(晶体学).TogetherwithhisfatherWilliamHenryBragg,hedevelopedthefamousBragg’slaw.Thisdiscoveryrevolutionizedthefieldofcrystallographyandpavedthewayfordeterminingtheatomicandmolecularstructuresofvarioussubstances,includingDNAandproteins.

1.WhatdowesayaboutJ?nsJacobBerzelius?

A.Heinventedanewchemicalsubstance.

B.Heestablishedthemodernperiodictable.

C.Hewasreferredtoasafounderofmodernphysics.

D.Hemadeimportantachievementsinthefieldofelectrochemistry.

2.WhowasborninIreland?

A.JonsJacobB