被动语态易错点.docx

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被动语态易错点

一．不及物动词误用被动

高频词：

happen（发生）

?Theaccident?washappened?yesterday.

?Theaccident?happened?yesterday.

occur（出现）

?Aproblem?isoccurred?inthesystem.

?Aproblem?occurs?inthesystem.

disappear（消失）

?Thekeys?weredisappeared?fromthetable.

?Thekeys?disappeared?fromthetable.

二、主动表被动的固定短语

高频短语：

consistof（由...组成）

?Theteam?isconsistedof?fivemembers.

?Theteam?consistsof?fivemembers.

belongto（属于）

?Thisbook?isbelongedto?me.

?Thisbook?belongsto?me.

takeplace（发生）breakout（爆发）

?Themeeting?wastakenplace?lastnight.

?Themeeting?tookplace?lastnight.

三、物作主语时的主动表被动

规则：当主语是物，且动词表示事物固有属性或自然结果时，用主动形式。

高频词：

动词

主动表被动

错误被动

sell

Thebook?sells?well.

?Thebook?issold?well.

read

Thepoem?reads?smoothly.

?Thepoem?isread?smoothly.

wash

Thisfabric?washes?easily.

?Thisfabric?iswashed?easily.

lock

Thedoor?locks?automatically.

?Thedoor?islocked?automatically.

open/close（开关）

Thedoor?closes?easily.

?Thedoor?isclosed?easily.

四、系动词误用被动

规则：系动词（表状态/感官）后直接接形容词，不加被动。

高频系动词：

look/sound/smell/taste/feel

?Theidea?issounded?great.

?Theidea?sounds?great.

remain/stay（保持）

?Thewindow?wasremained?open.

?Thewindow?remained?open.

五、及物动词，即使主语是物，若该物具有“内在逻辑上的主动性”（如文章、会议、现象等），用主动语态。

规则：若动作由主语主动发出（非承受），需用主动语态。

典型场景：

center（集中）

?Thediscussion?iscentered?onenvironmentalissues.

?Thediscussion?centers?onenvironmentalissues.

?Theresearch?iscentered?onAItechnology.

?Theresearch?centers?onAItechnology.（研究自身围绕主题）

focus（聚焦）

?Thereport?isfocused?oneconomicgrowth.

?Thereport?focuses?oneconomicgrowth.

?Thelecture?isfocused?onancienthistory.

?Thelecture?focuses?onancienthistory.（讲座主动聚焦内容）

concentrate（集中）

?Thebook?isconcentrated?onhumanrights.

?Thebook?concentrates?onhumanrights.（书的内容主动集中于主题）

辨析：若句子中未提及动作执行者（by...），且主语是物，通常用主动。

?Thelight?isfocused?onthescreen.（除非有“bysomeone”）

?Thelight?focuses?onthescreen.（灯光自然聚焦）

focus

主动：主语主动发出“聚焦”动作（常见于物作主语）。

?Thearticle?focuses?onenvironmentalprotecti