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《英语修辞学》课件 Lecture 4 Rhetoric of Words.ppt

《英语修辞学》课件 Lecture 4 Rhetoric of Words.ppt

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CommunicativeRhetoric交际修辞

EnglishRhetoricRhetoricofwords词汇修辞LiXiuping

TopicscoveredinthislectureI.SynonymsII.ShortwordsandLongWords(P.029-030)III.CommonWordsandLearnedWords(P.031-033)IV.GeneralorspecificWords(P.033-034)

TopicscoveredinthislectureV.AbstractandConcreteWords(P.034-035)VI.FormalandInformalorColloquialWords(P.035-036)VII.ReferentialandEmotiveWords(P.036)VIII.Choicebetweensynonymouswords(P.036-038)

I.SynonymsTheEnglishlanguageisveryrichinsynonyms.Synonyms,thoughsimilarindenotation,areoftendifferentfromoneanotherinconnotationorcollocation.Itis,therefore,notveryeasyforastudenttochoosetherightwordoutofthesynonyms.

I.SynonymsAsetofEnglishsynonymsmayhavethesamemeaning,butaredifferentinconnotation.

Forexamplecop:informalorderogatory;lawofficer:formalandrespectful;policeman:neutralItisirritatetoapolicemanifyouaddresshim“Hi,cop!”Youshouldinsteadsay“Excuseme,officer.”

I.SynonymsMostsetsofEnglishsynonymsarejustrelativelysynonymous.i.e.,Theyaredifferentinmeaning,moreorless.Forexample,thesetofsynonyms:fat,plumpandstout.(seep.121)

fat,plumpandstoutAlthoughthesewordsalllargelymean“thickinbody”,theymustbecarefullydiscriminatedinuse.

fat,plumpandstout1)fat:anunpleasantfigureofoverweight;2)stout:robust/vigorousandhealthy;3)plump:aroundfigurewithpleasingcurvesTocallapersonplumpismoreflatteringthantosayhe/sheisfat.

I.SynonymsAndtheoppositeset:thin,skinnyandslender1)thin:neutral2)skinny:afigureofallskinandbones,(derogatory)3)slender:athinnessofbeauty,gracefulness

thin,skinnyandslenderSlender,appliedtoaperson,isdefinitelymorecomplimentarythanthin,whichinturnisbetterthanskinny.

PlumpandslenderTherefore,thethin-bodiedbeautyoftheH

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