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第二部分专题一第3讲
A
(2023·湖北省武汉市高考考前模拟)
Quantumtheory(量子理论)isperhapsthemostsuccessfulscientificidea
ever．Yet,acenturyafteritsbirth,somethingremainsdeeplypuzzlingaboutquantum
theory．Itdoesnottellushowphysicalsystemsbehave．Instead,ittreatsany
physicalsystemasablackbox:ifyoudothistoitnow,itwillreactlikethat
later．Whathappensinbetween?Thetheorysimplydoesnttellus．
Anideahasrecentlybeguntocatchon．Perhapsthereisnoneedtomakeanything
upaboutwhatliesbehindquantumtheory．Perhapsitreallydoesrevealtousthe
deepstructureofreality,whereapropertyisnomorethansomethingthataffects
somethingelse．Perhapsthisispreciselywhat“properties”are:theeffectsof
interactions．
Thinkofasimpleobjectsuchasablueteacup．Itsbeingblueisnotaproperty
ofthecupalone:colorshappeninourbrainasaresultofthecertainbiological
structureofoureyesandasaconsequenceoftheinteractionsbetweendaylightand
thecupssurface．Itsbeing“ateacup”referstoitspotentialfunctionasa
drinkingcontainer:foranalienwhodoesntknowaboutdrinkingtea,theveryconcept
ofateacupismeaningless．Asquantumtheoryshows:theyaredefinedbytheir
physicalinteractionswiththerestoftheworld．
Then,itcomeswithalesson．Weunderstandrealitybetterifwethinkofitin
termsofinteractions,notindividuals．Thisiswhy,inclassicgametheory,the
winnersinthelongrunarethosewhocooperate．Toofoolishlywemeasuresuccess
intermsofanindividualsfortunes．Itmisunderstandsthetruenatureofreality,
andisultimatelyself-defeating,whichleadstounimaginableconsequenceand
preventsusfromaddressingchallengesthatallhuman-kindfacesasawhole．
1．Whatpossiblydoesquantumtheorytellaccordingtothetext？
A．Howphysicalsys
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