考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷631.pdfVIP

考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷631

一、阅读（常规阅读理解）本（题共2。题，每题

分,共20分。）

Theintroductionofnon-indigenousexoticspeciesisnowseenasamajorthreat（o

biodiversity.In1825aparticularlyvigorousfemalecloneofiiadori（calledJapanese

knotweed）wasintroducedintoHollandandlaterdistributedthroughoutEuropeby（he

plantcollectorandnurseryman.VonSeibokl.Britishgardenersloveditandby1886it

wasevenfoundgrowingoncindertipsinSouthWales.Bytheturnof20thcenturythe

planthadcolonizedmanyothersitesandgardenerswereadvisedagainstplantingitin

shrubberies.By1994itwasalmosteverywhere—railwaysriversideshedgerows

cemeteries—swampingawiderangeofhabitatsanddisplacingrarespecies.Botanistss

fearsthattheplantistillspreadingandmayyetcolonizeothernewhabitatshave

generatedrecentattemptstoeradicateitbymechanicalandchemicalmethodsallinvain

asyet.TheevidencestackedagainstJapaneseknotweedisdamning.Butthereisadeep

anxietythatbehindthedesiretocorrecthumanecologicalcook-ups-oftenmanifestasa

passiontosaveendangeredspeciesandvulnerableecosystemsisathinlydisguised

xenophobia;（hatwearesimplyseeingyetanotherformofecologicalimperialismwhich

defineswhatisnaturalbasedonhumanpreferences.Butwhateverourreactionto

problemoralienspeciesisitmustinvolvemoraldecisions.Andwhoshouldmake

suchdecisionsandtowhatdegreetheyareaccountablemustalsobeupforreview.The

conclusionsofscientistsandothersectionsofsocietymaydiffervastlyaboutwhattodo

abouttheintroducedanimalsandplantsthathavebecomeacommonfeatureofeveryday

life.ForexampletheschemetocontrolrabbitsinAustraliabydeliberatelyspreadingthe

diseasemyxomatosiswasasuccessinthathugenumbersofrabbitswerewipedoutfor

thegreatergood—theh