供应链管理课件 第09章学习资料.pptVIP

Chapter9

PlanningSupplyandDemand

inaSupplyChain:ManagingPredictableVariabilitySupplyChainManagement

(3rdEdition)

9-1

OutlineRespondingtopredictablevariabilityinasupplychainManagingsupplyManagingdemandImplementingsolutionstopredictablevariabilityinpractice2

RespondingtoPredictableVariabilityinaSupplyChainPredictablevariabilityischangeindemandthatcanbeforecastedCancauseincreasedcostsanddecreasedresponsivenessinthesupplychainAfirmcanhandlepredictablevariabilityusingtwobroadapproaches:Managesupplyusingcapacity,inventory,subcontracting,andbacklogsManagedemandusingshort-termpricediscountsandtradepromotions3

ManagingSupplyManagingcapacityTimeflexibilityfromworkforceUseofseasonalworkforceUseofsubcontractingUseofdualfacilities–dedicatedandflexibleDesigningproductflexibilityintoproductionprocessesManaginginventoryUsingcommoncomponentsacrossmultipleproductsBuildinginventoryofhighdemandorpredictabledemandproducts4

Inventory/CapacityTrade-offLevelingcapacityforcesinventorytobuildupinanticipationofseasonalvariationindemandCarryinglowlevelsofinventoryrequirescapacitytovarywithseasonalvariationindemandorenoughcapacitytocoverpeakdemandduringseason5

ManagingDemandPromotionPricingTimingofpromotionandpricingchangesisimportantDemandincreasescanresultfromacombinationofthreefactors:Marketgrowth(increasedsales,increasedmarketsize)Stealingshare(increasedsales,samemarketsize)Forwardbuying(samesales,samemarketsize)6

DemandManagementPricingandaggregateplanningmustbedonejointlyFactorsaffectingdiscounttimingProductmargin:Impactofhighermargin($40insteadof$31)Consumption:Changingfractionofincreasecomingfromforwardbuy(100%increaseinconsumptioninsteadof10%increase)Forwardbuy7

Off-Peak(January)Discount

from$40to$39Cost=$421,915,Revenue=$643,400,Profit=$221,4858

Peak(A