宏观经济学习题及答案(1-8课) .pdf

Macroeconomics(TenthEdition)

RudigerDornbusch,StanleyFisher,RichardStarts

CHAPTER1INTRODUCTION

ConceptualProblems

1.Usingtheaggregatesupply-aggregatedemandmodelexplainhowoutputand

pricearedetermined.Willoutputvaryorstayfixedinthelongrun?Supposethe

aggregatedemandcurveweretoremainfixed:whatcanweinferaboutthe

behaviorofpricesovertime?

Answer:

Thewayoutputandpricesaredeterminedintheaggregatecanbeanalyzedmost

easilyusingtheAD-ASmodel;however,wehavetodeterminefirstwhichtimeframe

wehaveinmind.

TheverticalAS-curvedescribestheverylongrunandoutputisdeterminedby

demandrelativetotheoutputtheeconomycansupply.

ThehorizontalAS-curvedescribestheveryshortrunandoutputisdeterminedby

output.

Theupward-slopingAS-curvedescribesthemediumrunandfluctuationsin

undertheassumptionthatproductivecapacityisgiven.

TheAD-ASframeworkisaverysimplifiedrepresentationoftherealworldthat

cannotdescribethebehaviorofallpeopleandenterprisesinaneconomy.Inthis

framework,theeffectsofchangesinaggregatedemandonoutputandpricesdepend

largelyontheslopeoftheAS-curve.Weshouldkeepinmindthatthelong-run

wouldchange,thatis,declineovertime.

TechnicalProblems

1.Supposethatactualoutputis$120billionandpotential(full-employment)

outputis$156billion.Whatisanoutputgapinthishypotheticaleconomy?

Basedonyourestimateoftheoutputgap,wouldyouexpecttheunemployment

leveltobehigherorlowerthanusual?

Answer：

ThetextbookdefinestheoutputgapasthedifferencebetweenactualGDPand

Sinceactualoutputfallsshortofpotentialoutput,weshouldexpectthe

unemploymentratetobehigherthanusual.

Chapter2NationalIncomeAccounting

ConceptualProblems

1.whatwouldhappentoGDPifthegovernmenthiredunemployedworkers,

whohadbeenreceivingamount$TRi