气体污染物的来源和类型.pptxVIP

Atmosphere

Newwordsexpressionsevaporatev.（使）蒸发，消失volatileadj.挥发性的，不稳定的toxicityn.毒性nitrogenn.氮dioxiden.二氧化物monoxiden.一氧化物EDCBAF

Newwordsexpressionsrespiratoryadj.呼吸的01airborneadj.空气传播的02pesticiden.杀虫剂03perchloroethylenen.全氯乙烯04thermalinversion逆温05catalyticconverter催化转化器06

AirPollutantsCarbonmonoxideVolatileorganiccompoundsParticulatematterSulfurdioxideNitrogendioxideLeadGround-levelozoneandphotochemicalsmogHazardousairpollutants

PrimaryAirPollutants01Carbonmonoxide03Particulatematter05Oxidesofnitrogen02Volatileorganiccompounds04Sulfurdioxide

CriteriaairpollutantsPrimarystandards?providepublichealthprotection,includingprotectingthehealthofsensitivepopulationssuchasasthmatics,children,andtheelderly.?Secondarystandards?providepublicwelfareprotection,includingprotectionagainstdecreasedvisibilityanddamagetoanimals,crops,vegetation,andbuildings.Unitsofmeasureforthestandardsarepartspermillion(ppm)byvolume,partsperbillion(ppb)byvolume,andmicrogramspercubicmeterofair(μg/m3).

Criteriaairpollutants

Nationalambientairqualitystandards

Carbonmonoxideisproducedwhenorganicmaterialssuchasgasoline,coal,wood,andtrashareburnedwithinsufficientoxygen.Thesinglelargestsourceofcarbonmonoxideistheautomobile. CarbonMonoxide

VolatileorganiccompoundsVOCsarecomposedprimarilyofcarbonandhydrogen.VOCsareeitherevaporatedfromfuelsuppliesorareremnantsoffuelthatdidnotburncompletely.

VolatileorganiccompoundsTheuseofinternalcombustionenginesaccountsforthemajorityofVOCsreleasedintotheair,althoughrefineriesandotherindustriesaddtothetotalatmosphericburden.Consumerproductssuchasoil-basedpaint,charcoallighter,andmanyotherchemicalsareimportant.

Particulatematterconsistsofminute(10microsandsmaller)solidparticlesandliquiddropletsdispersedintotheatmosphere.Travelonroads,agriculturalactiv