新高考2024届 高考英语第一轮专题练习：阅读理解：记叙文[带答案].pdfVIP

新高考2024届高考英语第一轮专项冲刺限时集训

——阅读理解：记叙文

从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题

型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的

序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一

半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉

络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发

的感触的理解。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。

（2023年新高考I卷）WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhis

house,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclear

afterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,John

startedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.

Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnature

andaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)?Whichkindsoffish

caneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,

maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercall

aneco-machine.

ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,

heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundto

localpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanks

andwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheir

ownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.

Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfood

andbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.

-1-/33

Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse—likefacilitythat

treatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machine