单元文化背景知识：Maglev__Train.docVIP

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单元文化背景知识：MaglevTrain

磁悬浮列车

Q:Whatdoesmaglevmean?

A:Maglevisshortformagneticlevitation(漂浮）,whichmeansthatthesetrainswillfloatoveraguideway(导轨）usingthebasicprinciplesofmagnetstoreplacetheoldsteelwheelandtracktrains.

Q:Whatisguidewayandhowdoesitwork?

A:Themagnetizedcoil([电]线圈)runningalongthetrack,calledaguideway,repelsthelargemagnetsonthetrainsundercarriage(车盘),allowingthetraintolevitate(飘浮)between0.39and3.93inches(1to10cm)abovetheguideway.Oncethetrainislevitated,powerissuppliedtothecoilswithintheguidewaywallstocreateauniquesystemofmagneticfieldsthatpullandpushthetrainalongtheguideway.Theelectriccurrentsuppliedtothecoilsintheguidewaywallsisconstantlyalternatingtochangethepolarity(极性)ofthemagnetizedcoils.Thischangeinpolaritycausesthemagneticfield（磁场）infrontofthetraintopullthevehicleforward,whilethemagneticfieldbehindthetrainaddsmoreforwardthrust(推力).

Q:Howmanycomponentsaretheretoamaglevtrainrailsystem?

A:Themagneticfieldcreatedinthiswire-and-batteryexperimentisthesimpleideabehindamaglevtrainrailsystem.Therearethreecomponentstothissystem:

LargeelectricalpowersourceMetalcoilsliningaguidewayortracklargeguidancemagnetsattachedtotheundersideofthetrain.

Q:Whatisthedifferencebetweenamaglevtrainandaconventional(常规的，传统的)train?

A:Thebigdifferencebetweenamaglevtrainandaconventionaltrainisthatmaglevtrainsdonothaveanengineatleastnotthekindofengineusedtopulltypicaltraincarsalongsteeltracks.Theengineformaglevtrainsisratherinconspicuous（不显眼的，不引人注意的).Insteadofusingfossilfuels(矿物燃料),themagneticfieldcreatedbytheelectrifiedcoilsintheguidewaywallsandthetrackcombinetopropel(推进)thetrain.

Q:Howfastcanmaglevtrainstravel?

A:Maglevtrainsfloatonacushiono