【语法精讲】Module3_直接引语与间接引语的转换.docVIP

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直接引语与间接引语的转换

直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。?

1.直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that?引导。

例如：She?said,?I?am?very?happy?to?help?you.

→???She?said?that?she?was?very?happy?to?help?you.?

2.?直接引语是一般/选择疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether或if?引导。

例如：???He?asked?me,?Do?you?like?playing?football?

→???He?asked?me?if/whether?I?liked?playing?football.?

注意：大多数情况下，if和whether?可以互换，但后有or?not,或在动词不定式前，或放在介词后作连接词时，一般只用whether。

例如：???She?asked?me?whether?he?could?do?it?or?not.?

3.?直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的疑问词who,?whom,?whose,?how,?when,?why,?where?等引导。例如：?

??My?sister?asked?me,?How?do?you?like?the?film?

→???My?sister?asked?me?how?I?liked?the?film.?

4.?直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定式前加tell,?ask,?order?等的宾语。

例如：???The?captain?ordered,?Be?quiet.

→???The?captain?ordered?us?to?be?quiet.?

??注意：此种情况的否定句，在动词不定式前加not。???

My?teacher?asked?me,?Dont?laugh.

→???My?teacher?asked?me?not?to?laugh.

?5.?一些注意事项?

(1)间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。

例如：???He?asked?Lucy,?Where?did?you?go?

→???He?asked?Lucy?where?she?went.?

??Tom?said,?What?do?you?want,?Ann?

→???Tom?asked?Ann?what?she?wanted.?

(2)直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，变成间接引语时，时态不变。

例如：???They?told?their?son,?The?earth?goes?round?the?sun.

→???They?told?their?son?that?the?earth?goes?round?the?sun.?

直接引语变间接引语时，?指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。例如：???He?said,?I?havent?seen?her?today.

→???He?said?that?he?hadnt?seen?her?that?day.?

注意：如果转述时就在原来的地方，就在说话的当天，就不必改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。?

一般现在时???一般过去时???????????现在进行时?????过去进行时?

现在完成时???过去完成时???????????一般过去时?????过去完成时?

过去完成时???过去完成时???????????一般将来时?????过去将来时?

指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和方向性动词的变化?

（一）指示代词的变化?

this????that????????????????????these???those?

（二）时间状语的变化?

now???then????????????????????ago???before?/?earlier?

today???that?day????????????????yesterday?????the?day?before?

this?morning/afternoon,?etc.???that?morning/afternoon,?etc.?

tomorrow?????the?following/next?day?

the?day?after?tomorrow?????in?two?days’?time?

the?day?before?yesterday????two