参考学习资料 生物学习 佩奇都灵鱼的解剖结构和花鳞鱼纲的系统发育状况.pdf

TransactionsoftheRoyalSocietyofEdinburgh:EarthSciences,92,15±37,2001

TheanatomyofTuriniapagei(Powrie),andthe

phylogeneticstatusoftheThelodonti

PhilipC.J.DonoghueandM.PaulSmith

ABSTRACT:Littleisknownregardingtheinternalanatomyofthelodonts,withmostofthe

availableinformationcomingfromasinglespecimen,theholotypeofTuriniapagei(Powrie).

Previousdescriptionshaveledtomanypartial,orcon¯ictinginterpretations.Herein,wedescribe

fullytheanatomyofT.pageibasedontheholotypeandadditionalmaterial.T.pageipossesseda

branchialsystemcomposedofeightpairsofgills,abuccal/nasohypophysealregionlinedwith

minutedenticles,comparabletobuccopharyngealdenticlesofsharks,andpossessedastomach

whichispreservedbysedimentin®llintheholotypespecimen.Contrastbetweenthepetrological

characterofthegutin®llandthesedimentinwhichtheanimalispreservedsuggeststhatthegut

wasin®lledinvivoandthatT.pageiwasprobablyadepositfeeder.Phylogeneticanalysisresolves

T.pageiandtheGaleaspidaassister-taxa,comprisingasister-grouptotheOsteostraciplusjawed

vertebrates.Incontrasttotheviewthathasprevailedhitherto,thelodontswithadorsoventrally

compressedcross-sectionalpro®lecompriseamonophyleticgroup,ofwhichT.pageiistheleast

derivedmember.Thefurcacaudiformsareresolvedasanunnaturalgroup,onetaxonbeingthe

sistertaxontothe`conventional’thelodontclade,andtheother,thesistertaxontothiscladeplus

galeaspids,osteostracansandjawedvertebrates.Theanalysisagreeswiththeearlierviewthat

thelodontslackdistinctsynapomorphies,butwearguethatdistinctsynapomorphiesarenota

requisiteofmonophyly.

KEYWORDS:`agnathan’,chordate