高考第一轮复习英语综合测03阅读理解：说明文(科学发现与科技创新类)名校综合测试篇(学生版+教师版).docxVIP

PAGE/NUMPAGES

综合测试03说明文（科学发现与科技创新类）

题型阅读理解:说明文

1.（2024·广东江门·模拟预测）Thehumanbrainisapowerfulnaturalcomputerthathasevolvedovertensofthousandsofyears.Butwhatwouldyougetifyoucombinedthisbiologicalcomputerwitharealone?

ResearchersatIndianaUniversityBloomingtonintheUShavelinkedhumanbrain-liketissuestoanelectronicchip,whichcanperformsimplecomputertasks.Theircreation,namedBrainoware,ispartofagrowingfieldcalledbiologicalcomputingthatmightonedaydobetterthancurrentcomputers,accordingtoNature.

Thebrain-liketissuestheresearchersused,alsoknownasbrainorganoids(类器官),weren’tpartofalivingperson’sbrain.Theywere“grown”fromhumanstemcells,whicharecapableofproducingdifferenttypesofcellsandformingbodytissues.Ittooktwomonthsforthestemcellstomatureintoanorganoid.

Theresearchersthenplacedoneorganoidontoanelectronicchipwiththousandsofelectrodes(电极).Althoughorganoidsaremuchsimplerandsmallerthananactualbrain,theyactsimilarlytohumanbrains,suchasrespondingtoelectricalsignals,whichiswhatourbraindoesallthetime.Theseresponsesleadtochangesinthebrain,whichfuelourabilitytolearn.

TotestBrainoware,theresearchersuseditforvoicerecognitionbytrainingitwith240Japaneserecordingsspokenbyeightspeakers.Theyfoundthattheorganoidreacteddifferentlytowardeachvoice.Withanaccuracyof78percent,itsuccessfullyidentifedthespeakersbyshowingdifferentneural(神经的)activities.

What’sspecialaboutBrainowareisthatresearcherscantakeadvantageoftheorganoid’scomplexitywithoutunderstandingitscellnetworks,accordingtoDailyMail.Inotherwords,scientistsdon’tneedtoknowexactlyhowtheorganoidworksinordertouseit.

Accordingtotheresearchers’workpublishedinDecember,combiningorganoidsandelectronicchipscouldincreasethespeedandefficiencyofAIinthefutur