精品英语资料The father of sugar pills — Gu Fangzhou.docxVIP

Thefatherofsugarpills—GuFangzhou

舍己幼，为人之幼，这不是残酷，是医者大仁。为一大事来，成一大事去。功业凝成糖丸一粒，是治病灵丹，更是拳拳赤子心。他就是一座方舟，载着新中国的孩子，渡过病毒的劫难。???

GuFangzhou,avirologistwhodevotedhislifetowipingoutpolio(脊髓灰质炎)inChina,passedawayatage92onJanuary2,2019.

“Sugarpills”,aliveoralpolio?vaccine?developedbyGu,preventedthediseasesuccessfully,savingmillionsofchildrenfromparalysis(瘫痪).?“Ispentmywholelifedoingonething?—?developinganeffectiveandaffordablepolio?vaccine,”?GuFangzhouoncesaidwhilesummarizinghislife.

?Thehumantrial

In1955,polio?brokeout?in?Nantong,east?Chinas?Jiangsu?Province,paralyzing1,?680people,mostlychildrenbelowtheageofseven.

ThegovernmentappointedGutoleadpolioresearchin1957.Histeamlaterisolated(分离)thepoliovirusforthefirsttime,raisinghopesofpreventingthespreadofthe?virus.?

Asignificantbreakthroughwasachievedin1959whenGusucceededindevelopingthefirstlivepolio?vaccine.Later,hedevelopedtwowaysofgivingthelive?vaccine?—oralandsugarcoatedpillsintheearly1960s.Thenthe?vaccine?wasputintoproductioninDecember1960,andavaccination(接种疫苗)programstartedin11Chinesecities.

Inordertotesttheefficacy(效力)andsideeffectsofthe?vaccine,hegavethe?vaccine?tohimselfandstartedthefirststageofhumantrials.Thenhetookanotherstepbygivinganoral?vaccine?tohisone-month-oldson.Thisinspiredhiscolleaguestovaccinatetheirkids.Theybecamethefirstgenerationin?China?totryapolio?vaccine.

“Ifwe?suspect?whatweproduce,howcanothersbelieveinit?”saidGuwhenrecallingthistrial.

?Developing“sugar-coatedpoliopills”tofightpoliovirus

Itwasessentialtomaintaintheefficacyofthe?vaccine?byensuringacoldchain.However,therewerenoenough?vaccine?freezersinruralareasinthosedays.

Gusteamsolvedthechallengebydevelopingasugarcoatedpillthattastedgoodandwasalsoeasytopreserve.Thesugarpill?concept