1.15 人类学视角： 儿董玩具对社会发展的潜在影响与危机.docxVIP

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1.15每日一篇|熊猫外刊精读

Anthropology：Clearandpresentdanger

Givingchildrenthewrong(ornotenough)toysmay?doom?asociety

【1】GIVERSOFEDUCATIONALgifts,?rejoice:despitetheeye-rollsyoumayreceiveonChristmasmorning,youarepartofalongandvaluabletradition.Inculturesaroundtheworld,toyshavebeenusedtoteachchildrenwhattheyneedtoknowaboutthesocietytheylivein.Whenthetoysteachtherightskills,thechildrenarepreparedfor?adulthood?and?thrive.Whentheydonot,?calamity?beckons.PandaForeignMagazineIntensiveReading:RespectforOriginality,PiracyMustBePunished

【2】Andhow.NewworkledbyMathildeMeyer,aPhDstudentatAarhusUniversityinDenmark,andFelixRiede,her?supervisor,?reveals?thatgivingthewrongtoysprobablyplayedanimportantpartindoomingtheNorse?settlers?whocametoGreenlandfromIcelandin?985.

【3】GreenlandwasmostlycoveredinicewhentheNorsemadethejourney,saveforathin?strip?of?fertile?landalongthe?coastline?wheretheycouldfarm.The?settlers?flourishedforafewhundredyearsbut,astheworldenteredacoldperiod(knownastheLittleIceAge)in?1300,recordsshowthattheystartedtostruggle.Summersbecame?drier,temperatures?dropped?and?storms?strengthened.By?1400?theNorsewereforcedto?abandon?the?settlements.Evenso,theislandremained?inhabited:theInuitpeopleofnorthernAlaskaarrivedonGreenlandin?1000?and?endured?longaftertheNorsegaveup.

【4】WhytheInuitsurvivedwhiletheNorsedidnothas?baffled?archaeologists?fordecades.OneideawasthattheNorsedidnoteatmore?seafood?(astheInuitdid)when?farming?conditions?deteriorated.Butthisisnot?backed?byevidence.IsotopestudiesofNorseteethshowthattheywereturningtotheoceanforfood.archaeologists?agreethattheInuits?adapted?successfullywhiletheNorsedidnot,butnobodyknowswhy.PandaForeignMagazineIntensiveReading:RespectforOriginality,PiracyMustBePunished

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