第1章计算机网络及其参考模型.pptVIP

**********************************************NetworkTopologies—StarPhysicalPerspective

Astartopologyhasacentralnodewithalllinksradiatingfromit.Advantage:itallowsallothernodestocommunicatewitheachother,conveniently.Italsomightbedesirableforsecurityorrestrictedaccessreasonsdisadvantage:ifthecentralnodefails,thewholenetworkbecomesdisconnected.Dependingonthetypeofnetworkingdeviceused,collisionscanbeaproblem.LogicalPerspective

Theflowofallinformationwouldgothroughonedevice.第60页，共81页，星期日，2025年，2月5日NetworkTopologies—TreeThetreetopologyusesatrunknodefromwhichitbranchestoothernodes.binarytree(eachnodesplitsintotwolinks)backbonetree(abackbonetrunkhasbranchnodeswithlinkshangingfromit).PhysicalPerspective

Thetrunkisawirethathasseverallayersofbranches.LogicalPerspective

Theflowof?informationishierarchical.第61页，共81页，星期日，2025年，2月5日NetworkTopologies—Complete(Mesh)PhysicalPerspectivehasdistinctadvantagesanddisadvantagesAdvantage:themaximumconnectivityandreliability.Disadvantage:theamountofmediaforthelinks,andtheamountofconnectionstothelinksbecomesoverwhelming.LogicalPerspectiveThebehaviorofacomplete,ormeshtopologydependsgreatlyonthedevicesused.第62页，共81页，星期日，2025年，2月5日NetworkTopologies—CellularPhysicalPerspectiveThecellulartopologyisforwirelesstechnologySometimesthereceivingnodesmove(e.g.cellphone),andsometimesthesendingnodesmove(e.g.satellite)LogicalPerspectiveNodescommunicatewitheachotherdirectly(thoughsometimesextremelydifficult),orcommunicateonlywiththeiradjacentcells,whichisextremelyinefficient.第63页，共81页，星期日，2025年，2月5日ComputerNetworkReferenceModelOverviewofComputerNetworkOSIReferenceModelTCP/IPModelNetworkTopologyNetworkDevices第64页，共81页，星期日，2025年，2月5日LANDevicesin