超实用初高中英语衔接课---音标知识清单.docxVIP

初高中英语衔接课——音标知识

一、关于音素：音素是语音的最小单位。音素分为：元音和辅音。音素共48个，元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。

二、关于音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。

48个国际音标表

元

音

12个

单

元

音

长元音

(拉长)

[ɑ?]

[??]

[??]

[i?]

[u?]

短元音

(短促有力)

[?]

[?]

[?]

[?]

[?]

[e]

[?]

8个双元音

(饱满夸张)

[a?]

[e?]

[??]

[??]

[e?]

[??]

[??]

[a?]

辅

音

10对

清辅音

(送气)

[p]

[t]

[k]

[f]

[s]

[θ]

[?]

[t?]

[tr]

[ts]

[h]

浊辅音

(振动)

[b]

[d]

[g]

[v]

[z]

[e]

[?]

[d?]

[dr]

[dz]

[r]

[l]

分类

爆破音

摩擦音

破擦音

舌边音

3个鼻辅音

[m]

[n]

[?]

2个半元音

[w]

[j]

三、元音音素对应的字母及字母组合:

1)/i:/字母组合:eeeae

ee:treegreensheep

ea:eatteameatleavelead

e:hesheweme

/i/发音字母及字母组合：iyeaeyay

i：bigfittiphit

y:manytwentyhappydictionary

e:beginbehindbefore

a:villagecabbagelanguage

ey:monkeymoney

ay:MondayTuesdayWednesday(非正式口语中)

3)/?/发音字母a

a：baghandandanthappymadbad

/??:/字母组合irureareror

ir：girlskirtthirtythirteenbird

ur：turnburnmurdernurseThursday

ear:learnearnearthheard

er:termherserve

or:workwormworld

5)/?/字母组合erorouar

er:teacherleaderplayerspeakerfarmer

or:doctoractormayorauthor

ou:deliciousgracious

ar:familiarcollardollar

6)/e/字母组合eaea

ea:headbreadpleasure

e:elephantsellshellbedhotel

a:manyany

7)/a:/字母组合ara

ar:carfarmcardarmgarden

a:fastclasslastglassplant

8)/?/发音字母uoouoo

u:upsupperlunchfungunhunt

o:comemotherbrotherloveabove

ou:troubleroughflourish

oo:floodblood

9)/?:/字母组合aloroorauouar

al:smallwalltalktallhallballcall

or:shortmorelordhorse

oor:doorfloor

au:caughtautumn

ou:fourcourtbought

ar:warmquarrelquarter

10)/?/(/?/)发音字母oa

o:hotlostfoxmoplosscollar

a:wantwashwatch

11)/u:/字母组合ooouueoe

oo:foodmoongloombroomdoomgoosetooth

o:dotw