八年级下册同步练习题及答案.pdfVIP

八年级下册同步练习

（30分钟40分）

一、选择题（本大题共5小题，每小题4分，共20分）

1.如图所示，拉力F使物体竖直匀速上升，下列正确的是()

A.拉力F做的功是有用功

B.提升动滑轮做的功是额外功

C.拉力F移动的距离是物体移动距离的2倍

D.物体越重，滑轮组的机械效率越低

2.机械效率是反映机械性能好坏的指标之一。一种机械改进构造

后，提高了机械效率，用它匀速提升同一重物升高同样的高度，改进后与改进

前相比()

A.做的总功没变，有用功也没变

B.做的总功没变，有用功比以前增多了

C.做的总功没变，额外功比以前减少了

D.做的有用功不变，总功比以前减少了

3.如图所示，工人师傅用250N的力将重400N的物体匀速提升

1m，在此过程中滑轮组的机械效率是()

A.80%B.62.5%

C.125%D.20%

4.用图中甲、乙两种方式匀速提升重为100N的物体，

已知滑轮重20N,绳重和摩擦力不计。则()

Synchronousexercisesinthesecondvolumeforeighthgrade

(30minutes40minutes)

1.Multiple-choicequestions(thismajorquestionhas5questionsintotal,each

questionisworth4points,atotalof20points)

1.Asshowninthefigure,thepullingforceFcausestheobjecttoriseverticallyata

constantspeed.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect()

A.TheworkdonebypullingforceFisuseful

workB.Theworkdonebyliftingthe

movablepulleyisextraworkC.Thedistance

movedbypullingforceFistwicethemoving

distanceoftheobjectD.Theheavierthe

object,thelowerthemechanicalefficiencyof

thepulleygroup

2.Mechanicalefficiencyisoneoftheindicatorsthatreflectsthequalityof

mechanicalperformance.Aftertheimprovedstructureofamachine,the

mechanicalefficiencyisimproved.Itisusedtoliftthesameweightatauniform

speedtothesameheight.Comparedwiththebeforeimprovement()

A.Thetotalworkdonehasnotchanged,and

theusefulworkhasnotchanged.B.Thetotal

workdonehasnotchanged,buttheuseful

workhasincreasedthanbefore.C.Thetotal

workdonehasnotchanged,buttheextra

workhasdecreasedt