考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷16（共195题）.pdfVIP

考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷16共（9

套）

共（195题）

考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷第1套

一、阅读（常规阅读理解）本（题共2。题，每题1.0

分,共20分。）

Overfishingofoneoftheoceanstoppredatorshastriggeredalethalchainreactionthat

threatenstodecimatepopulationsofbayscallops,oysters,andclams,warnsanewstudy.

Plungingpopulationsof11largesharkspecieshavecausedaspikeinthenumbersof

（heirprey,includingsmallersharks,rays,andskates.Thesecreaturesinturnarewiping

outothermarineorganismsandmaybedestroyingseagrasshabitat,whichservesasa

nurseryformanyspecies.Sharkshavehadaroughfewdecades.Demandfortheir1ms

andmeathasresultedinincreasingeploitation,andthecreaturesareoftenaccidentally

capturedbyswordfishandtunafishers.Asmanyas73millionsharksarekilledannually,

andpaststudieshaveindicatedmanypopulationshavebeencutbyhalf.Nonetheless,

scientistshavehaddifficultygaugingthedeclineinseveralsharkspeciesovertheyears

becauseofalackofdata.Theeffectofthisdeclineonoceanecosystemshasalsoproven

hardtomeasure.Togetabettergripontheproblem,marinebiologistJuliaBaumof

DalhousicUniversityinHalifa,Canada,andcolleaguestrawled35yearsofmarine

surveysandfisheriesdatatodocumentdeclinesinlargesharksofftheeasternseaboardof

theU.S.Thenumbers,reportedtodayinScience,arestark:Theblacktipshark

populationhasplummeted93%since1972,withsimilardeclinesfortiger,bull,and

smoothhammerheadsharks.Simultaneously,theabundanceof12ofthe14speciesthat

thesesharkspreyon-includingthelittleskate,thechaincatshark,andthecownose

ray—increaseddramatically.Thelatterhasseenitsnumbersswell（enfold