过去时用法及教学要点.pdfVIP

Thepastpointofreferenceisusuallymarkedbyatimeadverbial.

o’clock,

Usually,averbinthepastperfecttenseisfurtherbackintimethana

verbinthepasttense,butthisisnotitsrealmeaning.Considerthe

followingsentence.

Thetimesequenceis:

Theimportantpointisthatthepointofreferenceinthissentenceis

Simon’sarrival,andthepastperfecttenseisusedtoshowthatSally’s

departurehappenedbeforeit.

Thepastperfecttenseisusuallyusedtogetherwithanadverbialstarting

withby.

o’clock

o’clock

A1Thetablebelowshowswhatsomeofthetouristsdidyesterdayyesterday

afternoonaftertheyarrivedattheirhotel.Useinformationfromthetable

tocompletetheconversation.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.

A2Completethissentencebywritingaboutfourthingsyouhaddone

beforeyouwenttobedlastnight.

Bynineo’clocklastnight,I,,

and.

A3Changethepointofreferenceintheabovesentence.Writesimilar

sentenceswithfourthingswhichyouhaddonebeforethefollowing

givenpointsofreference.

Whenwetalkabouttwoactionsinthepast,weusethepastperfecttense

fortheearlieraction,andthesimplepasttenseforthelateraction.

Weoftenusejustandalreadywiththepastperfecttensefortheearlier

actioninthepast.