高中英语核心词汇与短语大全.docxVIP

高中英语核心词汇与短语大全

语言的基石在于词汇，尤其对于高中阶段的英语学习而言，掌握核心词汇与短语是提升阅读理解、写作表达及综合语言运用能力的关键。本文旨在系统梳理高中英语学习中必须掌握的核心词汇与短语，力求专业严谨，同时兼顾实用性与可操作性，助力同学们构建坚实的英语词汇体系。

一、基础功能词汇(BasicFunctionalWords)

这类词汇是构成句子的基本框架，虽看似简单，但其用法灵活多变，需重点掌握其搭配与语境含义。

1.代词(Pronouns)

*人称代词:I,you,he,she,it,we,they(主格);me,you,him,her,it,us,them(宾格)

*物主代词:my,your,his,her,its,our,their(形容词性);mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs(名词性)

*反身代词:myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves

*指示代词:this,that,these,those

*不定代词:some,any,no,none,many,much,few,little,afew,alittle,each,every,both,either,neither,all,another,other,others

*疑问代词:who,whom,whose,what,which

2.冠词(Articles)

*不定冠词:a,an(表示泛指，用于可数名词单数前)

*定冠词:the(表示特指，或用于独一无二的事物、乐器等前)

*零冠词:用于复数名词、不可数名词表示泛指，以及某些固定搭配中

3.数词(Numerals)

*基数词:one,two,three...(表示数量)

*序数词:first,second,third...(表示顺序)

4.介词(Prepositions)

*时间介词:in,on,at,by,before,after,during,for,since,until,within

*地点介词:in,on,at,under,over,above,below,beside,between,among,behind,infrontof,near,farfrom

*方式/手段介词:by,with,in,through

*其他常用介词:about,of,for,from,to,with,without,as,like,against,along,across,around

5.连词(Conjunctions)

*并列连词:and,but,or,so,for,yet,nor

*从属连词:that,if,whether,when,while,as,since,until,before,after,because,sothat,inorderthat,though,although,evenif,eventhough,asif,asthough,than,as...as...,so...as...

二、核心名词(CoreNouns)

名词是词汇的主体，应重点掌握其单复数、可数与不可数以及常见搭配。

1.人物与社会(PeopleSociety)

*家庭与关系:family,parent,father,mother,child,son,daughter,brother,sister,friend,classmate,teacher,student,doctor,nurse,worker,farmer,driver,manager,leader,neighbor

2.自然与环境(NatureEnvironment)

*生物与植物:human,animal,plant,tree,flower,grass,bird,fish,dog,cat

*自然现象与物质:air,water,fire,earth,stone,sand,wind,rain,snow,sun,moon,star,sky,mount