APC与APS计算及边际消费倾向分析.pdfVIP

UNITUNIT

3Macroeconomics

PracticewithAPC,APS,MPCandMPS

Theaveragepropensitytoconsume(APC)istheratioofconsumptionexpenditures(C)todisposable

income(DI),orAPC=C/DI.

Theaveragepropensitytosave(APS)istheratioofsavings(S)todisposableincome,orAPS=S/DI.

1.UsingthedatainFigure20.1,calculatetheAPCandAPSateachlevelofdisposableincomegiven.

Thefirstcalculationiscompletedasanexample.

Figure20.1

Disposable

IncomeConsumptionSavingAPCAPS

$0$2,000–$2,000——

2,0003,600–1,6001.8–0.8

4,0005,200–1,200

6,0006,800–800

8,0008,400–400

10,00010,0000

12,00011,600400

2.Howcansavingsbeneive?Exin.

Themarginalpropensitytoconsume(MPC)isthechangeinconsumptiondividedbythechangeindis-

posableincome.ItisafractionofanychangeinDIthatisspentonconsumergoods:MPCC/DI.

Themarginalpropensitytosave(MPS)isthefractionsavedofanychangeindisposableincome.

TheMPSisequaltothechangeinsavingdividedbythechangeinDI:MPSS/DI.

3.UsingthedatainFigure20.2,calculatetheMPCandMPSateachlevelofdisposableincome.The

firstcalculationiscompletedasanexample.(Thisisnotatypicalconsumptionfunction.Itspur-

poseistoprovidepracticeincalculatingMPCandMPS.)

ActivitywrittenbyJohnMorton,NationalCouncilonEconomicEducation,NewYork,N.Y.,andJamesSpellicy,LowellHighSchool,

SanFrancisco,Calif.

AdvancedcementEconomicsMacroeconomics:StudentActivities©NationalCouncilonEconomi