微处理器与微型计算机架构概述.pdfVIP

2.2MICROPROCESSORAND

MICROCOMPUTER

Mainpoint:

●Whatarethemicroprocessorandputer

●ArchitectureandfeaturesofPentium

microprocessorfamily.

●ArchitectureandfeaturesofPowerPC

定语从句

Microprocessorisaprocessorwhoseelementshave

beenminiaturizedintooneorafewintegratedcircuits.

Itisasemiconductorcentralprocessingunit(CPU)and

oneoftheprincipalcomponentsoftheputer.The

elementsofthemicroprocessorarefrequentlycontained

onasinglechiporwithinthesamepackage,butare

sometimesdistributedoverseveralseparatechips.［1］

Inaputerwithafixedinstructionset,themicroprocessor

consistsofthearithmetic-logicunitandthecontrollogic

unit.Inaputerwithamicro

programmedinstructionset,itcontainsanadditional

control-memoryunit.［2］

?1●Pointthedifferenceween

microprocessorand

puter?

PentiumAndPowerPCEvolution

Inthissection,weprovideabriefoverviewoftwo

computerfamilies:theIntelPentiumandthe

PowerPC.ThePentiumrepresentstheresultsof

decadesofdesigneffortoncomplexinstructionset

computers(CISCs).

Itincorporatesthesophisticateddesignprinciponce

并列句

foundonlyonmainframesandputersandservesasan

excellentexampleofCISCdesign.ThePowerPCisa

directdescendantofthefirstRISCsystem,the801,

andisoneofthemostpowerfulandbestdesignedRISC-

basedsystemsonthemarket.［3］

?2●DoesthePowerPCuseCISCtechnology?

1)ThePentium

Onemethodofincreasingthecomplexityofan

integratedcircuitissimplyt