土家语中动语态句法分析与类型学意义探索.pdfVIP

第10期文化创新比较研究语言文化

土家语中动语态句法分析与类型学意义探索

112

刘芳袁陈池华袁方丽华

渊1.湖北民族大学外国语学院袁湖北恩施445000曰2.湖北大学外国语学院袁湖北武汉430062冤

摘要院语态是指动词所表达的动作或状态与句子主语之间的语义关系遥根据具体关系的不同袁语态主要分为主动语态和被

动语态袁少数语言存在被动语态遥在土家语中袁除主动语态尧被动语态外袁中动语态也是土家语语态系统的重要内容袁其句法结

构尧判定条件和句法语义特征是中动语态的重要方面遥通过对实例的分析袁该文发现土家语中动句结构的句法表现形式为

野NP+VP+AP冶遥在这种结构中袁句法成分的隐含与显性受到三种限制袁包括动词选择尧依存关系及情态的选择遥此外袁这种中动

句主要用于表达受事主语的内在特征袁同时在跨语言比较中也具有一定的类型学意义遥

关键词院土家语曰中动句曰语态曰句法结构曰语义特征曰类型学

中图分类号院H273文献标识码院A文章编号院2096-4110渊2024冤04渊a冤-0019-05

MiddleVoiceinTujiaLanguage:SyntacticAnalysisandTypological

Exploration

LIUFang,CHENChihua,FANGLihua112

(1.SchoolofForeignLanguages,HubeiMinzuUniversity,EnshiHubei,445000,China;2.SchoolofForeignLanguages,Hubei

University,WuhanHubei,430062,China冤

Abstract:Voicereferstothesemanticrelationshipbetweentheactionorstateexpressedbyaverbandthesubjectofasentence.

Accordingtothisspecificrelationship,itismainlydividedintoactivevoiceandpassivevoice,withafewlanguageshavingpassive

voice.InTujialanguage,inadditiontotheactiveandpassivevoices,themiddlevoiceisalsoanimportantpartoftheTujialanguage

voicesystem.Itssyntacticstructure,judgmentconditions,andsyntacticandsemanticfeaturesareimportantaspectsofthemiddle

voice.Throughtheanalysisofexamples,wefoundthatthesyntacticexpressionoftheverbsentencestructureinTujialanguageis

NP+VP+AP.Inthisstructure,theimplicitandexplicitsyntacticcomponentsaresubjecttothreelimitations,includingverbchoice,

dependencyrelationships,andmodalchoice.Inaddition,wealsofoundthatthistypeofmiddleverbsentence