2014年04月自学考试《英语科技文选》真题.pdfVIP

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4(选)Babieslivinginbilingualhomesgetaperceptualboostby

8monthsoagethatmaysetthestageormoreresilientthinking

laterinlie,scientistsreportedonFebruary18attheAmerican

AssociationotheAdvancementoScienceannualmeeting.Inants

raisedbilingualrombirthcandistinguishnotonlybetweentheir

twonativetonguesbutbetweentwolanguagesthey’veneverbeen

exposedto,justbywatchingadultsspeakwithouthearingwhatthey

say,saidpsychologistJanetWerkerotheUniversityoBritish

Columbia.Babiesbeingraisedtospeakonelanguagelackthese

visualdiscriminationskills,Werkerandhercolleagueshaveound.

Givenregularexposuretotwolanguages,inantsdevelopageneral

abilitytotrackcloselywhattheyhearandseeindecodinglanguages,

Werkerproposed.Inthevisualrealm,suchinormationmayinclude

lipmovements,therhythmothejawopeningandclosing,andthe

ullensembleoacialmovementswhiletalking.Herearlierstudies

oundthatnewbornbabiesthathadbeenexposedparentallytotwo

languagespreertolistentothoselanguagesoverothersand

distinguishbetweensoundsinthetonguesthattheyregularlyhear

spoken.“Bilingualinantsareabletokeeptheirlanguagesdistinct

rombirthandmaydevelopanincreasedsensitivitytovoiceand

acecuesordierentlanguages,”Werkersaid.Earlyperceptual

stridestakenbyinantsinbilingualhomesmayrepresentthe

beginningsoanincreasedability,relativetoone-languagespeakers,

toocusattentionandthinkincomplexwayslaterinlie,suggested

psychologistEllenBialystockoYorkUniversityinToronto.

Bialystock’sgrouphasoundthatamongmorethan4000lderadults

diagnosedwithAlzhe