2025考研英语一真题专项训练（2010–2024）.docxVIP

2025考研英语一真题专项训练（2010–2024）

考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______

PartIUseofEnglish

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachblankfromthewordsgiveninthebox.Writeyouransweronthecorrespondinganswersheet.

Note:Therearemorewordsthanneeded.

Questions1-10

Thehumanbrainisanincrediblycomplexorgan,responsibleforcontrollingvirtuallyeveryfunctionofthebody.Itiscomposedofbillionsofneurons,whicharespecializedcellsthatcommunicatewitheachotherthroughelectricalandchemicalsignals.Thesesignalsallowthebraintoprocessinformation,makedecisions,andcontrolmovements.Thestudyofthebrainandnervoussystemisknownasneuroscience,andithasrevealedagreatdealabouthowthebrainworks.

Neuronsarethebasicbuildingblocksofthebrain.Theycomeinmanydifferentshapesandsizes,buttheyallhavesomecommonfeatures.Atoneend,neuronshavedendrites,whicharebranch-likestructuresthatreceivesignalsfromotherneurons.Attheotherend,theyhaveanaxon,whichtransmitssignalsawayfromtheneuron.Theconnectionbetweentwoneuronsiscalledasynapse,anditisherethattheelectricalsignalfromoneneuronisconvertedintoachemicalsignal,whichthentravelsacrossthesynapsetothenextneuron.

Thebrainisdividedintoseveralmajorregions,eachwithitsownspecificfunctions.Thecerebrum,whichisthelargestpartofthebrain,isresponsibleforhigher-levelfunctionssuchasthought,memory,andconsciousness.Thecerebellum,locatedbelowthecerebrum,coordinatesmovementandbalance.Thebrainstem,whichconnectsthebraintothespinalcord,controlsbasiclifefunctionssuchasbreathingandheartrate.

Damagetothebraincanhavedevastatingconsequences,dependingonwhichpartofthebrainisaffected.Forexample,astroke,whichiscausedbyablockageofbloodflowtothebrain,canleadtoparalysisorlossofspeech.Traumaticbraininjury,whichis