中考英语专题 阅读理解（说明文）15篇必考题型（附答案）.pdfVIP

中考英语

专题阅读理解（说明文）15篇

2023··Scientistswhostudyhappinesshaveevidence()toshowthat

（江苏常州统考中考真题）证据

beingkindtootherscanresultinhappiness.Actsassimpleasbuyingacupofcoffeeforsomeonecanlifta

person’smood,forexample.Everydaylifeisfullofchancesforsuchactions,yetpeopledonotalwaysmake

themostofthem.

Instudies,behavioralscientistNicholasEpleyandIexaminedapossibleexplanation:peoplewhodo

kindactsunderestimate(低估)howmuchtheonesreceivingkindnessvaluetheirbehavior.

Intheexperiments(实验),about1,000peoplewereaskedtodosomeactionstomakesomeoneelse

feelgood.Weaskedboththepersonperforming(执行)thekindactandtheonereceivingittoanswersome

questions.Theperformerswereaskedtoreporttheirownexperienceandtoguesshowthereceiversmight

feel.Wewantedtounderstandhowvaluablepeopleconsideredtheseactstobe,soboththeperformerand

receiverhadtorate(评分)how“big”theactseemed.Inallcases,wecomparedtheperformer’s

expectationsofthereceiver’smoodwiththereceiver’sactual(实际的)experience.

Forone,bothperformersandreceiversexperiencedmorepositive(积极的)moods.Foranother,the

receiversfeltmuchbetterthanthekindperformersexpected.Thereceiversalsoratedtheseactsas“bigger”

thanthepeopleperformingthemdid.

Atfirst,westudiedactsofthekindnessdoneforfamiliarpeople,suchasfriends,classmatesorfamily.

Butwefoundthatperformersunderestimatedtheirpositiveinfluencesonstrangersaswell.Inoneexperiment,

performersinapublicparkgaveawayhotchocolateonacoldwinter’sdaytopeoplethatjusthappenedto

benearby.Again,thekindactbroughtmorehappinessthantheperformersexpected.