2025年GMAT阅读真题解析.docxVIP

2025年GMAT阅读真题解析

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Theriseofrenewableenergysourceslikesolarandwindpowerhasbeenasignificantfactorintheglobalefforttocombatclimatechange.Proponentsarguethatthesetechnologiesarebecomingincreasinglycost-competitivewithtraditionalfossilfuels,leadingtoanecessarytransitionawayfromcarbon-intensiveenergyproduction.However,theintermittentnatureofsolarandwindpowerpresentssubstantialchallengesforgridstabilityandenergystoragerequirements.Recenttechnologicaladvancementsinbatterystorage,suchassolid-statebatteries,offerpotentialsolutionsbutcomewiththeirowneconomicandenvironmentalconsiderations.Theintegrationoftheserenewablesourcesintoexistingenergyinfrastructuresremainsacomplexpuzzleforpolicymakersworldwide.

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Incontrasttotherapiddeploymentofsolarandwindinstallationsobservedinmanycountries,theadoptionofgeothermalenergyhaslaggedsignificantly.GeothermalpowerplantsutilizetheEarthsinternalheattogenerateelectricity,offeringaconsistentandreliablebaseloadpowersource.Whilegeothermalenergyisabundantandhasaverylowcarbonfootprint,thehighupfrontcostsofexplorationanddrilling,coupledwithgeographicallimitations,havehindereditswidespreadimplementation.Recentresearchintoenhancedgeothermalsystems(EGS)aimstomakegeothermalenergyviableinabroaderrangeoflocations,butsignificanttechnicalhurdlesmuststillbeovercomebeforeEGScanbecomeamainstreamenergyoption.

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Theeconomicviabilityofrenewableenergyprojectsisheavilyinfluencedbygovernmentpoliciesandmarketincentives.Subsidies,taxcredits,andrenewableportfoliostandardshaveplayedacrucialroleinacceleratingtheadoptionofsolarandwindpowerinvariousregions.Withoutsuchsupport,thecompetitionbetweenrenewablesandfossilfuelsmightbelessfavorablefor