2025北京高三一模英语汇编：阅读理解D篇.pdfVIP

2025北京高三一模英语汇编

阅读理解D篇

一、阅读理解

（2025北京西城高三一模）Genetic(基因的)variationiswhatallowsaspeciestoadaptasclimatechanges,

newdiseasesarise,andnovelenemiescomeonthescene.Aslightlydifferentgeneticmakeupcanensureatleast

someindividualswillstilldoOKintimesofcrisis.Butjustasthenumberofspeciesisdecliningworldwide,so,

too,isthegeneticdiversitywithinmanyspecies.

Until2022,governmentsfocusedprimarilyonpreventingspeciesfromdisappearing.Thatyear,however,

whenupdatingtheUnitedNations’sConventiononBiologicalDiversitytreaty(条约),participatingcountries

agreedtostarttolookatgeneticdiversityaswell.

Thefirststeptowardslowingthetrendisunderstandingit.ConservationbiologistCatherineGruéberfrom

theUniversityofSydneyandmanycolleaguesgathered882paperswrittenbetween1985and2019thattracked

diversitychangeswithin628individualspeciesbyanalyzingtheirDNAatatleasttwotimepoints.Theteamused

complexstatisticalanalysestomakethedatacomparable,enablingthemtoidentifytrendsandcorrelatelossof

geneticdiversitywithfloods,habitatdestruction,orotherdisturbances.Theyalsotrackedwhathappenedinthe

faceofvariousconservationmeasures,suchaslegallyprotectingaspeciesorsettingasideandprotectinghabitat.

Two-thirdsofthepopulationsanalyzedexhibitedadeclineindiversity,Gruéberandhercolleaguesreport.

Thatincludedspeciesalreadyknowntobeatrisk,butitalsoincludedmorecommonspecies.Theimplicationis

thatthosespeciesmaybelessabletobouncebackthanexpectedduringenvironmentalchange,saysAlicia

Mastertta-Yanes,aconservationgeneticist.

Someconservationefforts,suchasecologicalrestorationorreducingpests(害虫),didn’thelpmuch,the

analysisfound.Butcertainactionsdidseemtohelp,suchaseffortstoexpandand