（8页PPT）假设2力学量与线性自共轭算符.pptVIP

Postulate2.

Foreveryobservablemechanicalquantityofamicroscopicsystem,thereisacorrespondinglinearHermitianoperatorassociatedwithit.Tofindthisoperator,writedowntheclassical-mechanicalexpressionfortheobservableintermsofCartesiancoordinatesandcorrespondinglinear-momentum,andthenreplaceeachcoordinatexbytheoperator,andeachmomentumponentpxbytheoperator–i??/?x.

Anoperatorisarulethattransformsagivenfunctionintoanotherfunction.E.g.d/dx,sin,logOperatorsobeytheassociativeofmultiplication:

AlinearoperatormeansAHermitia