ecb-地缘政治风险和对消费者期望的疤痕效应:来自乌克兰和伊朗战争的见解 Geopolitical risk and scarring effects on consumer expectations insights from the wars in Ukraine and Iran.pdfVIP

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ecb-地缘政治风险和对消费者期望的疤痕效应:来自乌克兰和伊朗战争的见解 Geopolitical risk and scarring effects on consumer expectations insights from the wars in Ukraine and Iran.pdf

THEECBBLOG

Geopoliticalriskandscarringeffectson

consumerexpectations:insightsfromthe

warsinUkraineandIran

29May2026

ByOlivierCoibion,DimitrisGeorgarakos,YuriyGorodnichenko,GeoffKenny,Justus

MeyerandTrixiPairan

Geopoliticalshocksinfluenceconsumer

expectationsaboutinflationandgrowth.This

blogexploreshowthewarsinUkraineand

Iranaffectthewayhouseholdsthinkabout

theeconomyandshowshowthescarsof

pastexperiencesamplifyreactionsto

s

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