东太湖网围养蟹效应及养殖模式优化.pdf

J. Lake Sci.(湖泊科学), 2009, 21(4): 523-529 . E-mail: jlakes@ ©2009 by Journal of Lake Sciences 东太湖网围养蟹效应及养殖模式优化*1 1,2 1** 1,2 何 俊 , 谷孝鸿 , 刘国锋 (1: 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008) (2: 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049) 摘 要: 通过 2007 年 3 月至 12 月对东太湖三个不同养殖密度和规模网围养蟹区养殖状况与环境的比较研究, 分析不同养殖 方式所带来的经济效益以及对湖泊环境的影响 . 结果表明 : 东太湖人工投饵单养河蟹的养殖方式, 会造成水体氮磷营养盐累 积, 对水体造成污染. 选取的 A 、B 、C 三个养殖区每产出 1kg 河蟹造成湖区氮累积量分别为 0.24kg、0.33kg 和 0.30kg; 磷累 积量为 0.043kg、0.059kg 和 0.051kg. 比较各养殖区环境状况、经济效益以及河蟹生长规格, 认为东太湖实施河蟹优化养殖的 2 2 适宜密度和单个网围面积为 6000 只/hm 和 2.33hm 左右, 但是目前东太湖养殖方式仍需要改进 . 针对东太湖养殖面积过大和 布局不合理现状, 认为东太湖网围养蟹面积应控制在 3165.2hm2 以下为宜. 关键词: 东太湖; 网围养蟹; 效应; 优化模式 Effect and optimization model of enclosure crab culture in East Lake Taihu HE Jun1,2, GU Xiaohong1 LIU Guofeng1,2 (1: State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P.R.China) (2: Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R.China) Abstract : Based on the comparative studies between the enclosure culture situations of different density and scale of water environments investigated during period from March and December 2007 in East Lake Taihu, the paper analyzed the economical benefit and environmental effect under different culture models. The results showed that culture models of bait casting and monoculture in East Lake Taihu, no matter which kinds of density and scale there were, would make the output of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients less than the input, and mass-input of exogenous nutrients would cause pollution effect on water quality. An esti