软件工程_6软件设计.pptVIP

Summary Design is the technical kernel of software engineering.During design, progressive refinements of data structure,program architecture, interface, and procedural detail are developed,reviewed,and documented. Summary Modularity(in both program and data) and the concept of abstraction enable the designer to simplify and reuse software components. Program and data structure contribute to an overall view of software architecture, while procedure provides the detail necessary for algorithm implementation. Data Design Data design is the first(and some would say the most important) of four design activities that are conducted during software engineering.The impact of data structure on program structure and procedural complexity caused data design to have a profound influence on software quality. Architectural Design The primary objective of architectural design is to develop a modular program structure and represent the control relationships between modules. In addition, architectural design melds program structure and data structure, defining interfaces that enable data to flow throughout the program. Architectural Design Data flow-oriented design is amenable to a broad range of application areas.In fact,because all software can be represented by a data flow diagram,a design method that makes use of the diagram could theoretically be applied in every software development effort. Architectural Design--Process Data flow-oriented design is an architectural design method that allows a convenient transition from the analysis model to a design description of program structure. SA 法总体设计的步骤是：⑴从DFD 图导出初始的模块结构图。⑵按照SD 法设计总则，改进模块结构图。结构化设计（SD ）方法结构化开发方法是现有的软件开发方法中最成熟、应用最广泛的方法，主要特点是快速、自然和方便。结构化开发方法由结构化分析方法（SA 法）、结构化设计方法（SD 法）及结构化程序设计方法（SP 法）构成。结构化设计方法是结构化开发方法的核心，与SA 法、SD 法密切联系，主要完成软件系统的总体结构设计。Architectural Design--Process The transition from information flow to structure is accomplished as part of a five-step process: The type of information flow is established; Flow boundaries a