多媒体技术教程--Ch2_Digital Audio Ver1.ppt

MPEG AUDIO Miltimedia Communications, Spring, 2010 MPEG layers MPEG audio sets out 3 downward-compatible layers of audio compression e.g. MP3 compression standard MP MPEG-1 standard 3 Layer 3 MPEG Layers Miltimedia Communications, Spring, 2010 MPEG audio offers three compatible layers : Each succeeding layer able to understand the lower layers Each succeeding layer offering more complexity in the psychoacoustic model and better compression for a given level of audio quality Each succeeding layer, with increased compression effectiveness, accompanied by extra delay MPEG Layers Miltimedia Communications, Spring, 2010 Layer 1 quality can be quite good provided a comparatively high bit-rate is available Digital Audio Tape (DAT) typically uses Layer 1 at around 192 kbps Layer 2 has more complexity; was proposed for use in Digital Audio Broadcasting Layer 3 is most complex, and was originally aimed at audio transmission over ISDN lines NOTE: Most of the complexity increase is at the encoder, not the decoder -- accounting for the popularity of MP3 players MPEG Layers Layer Algorithm Compression Ratio Bit Rate of Stereo Audio Complexity Application 1 MUSICAM 4:1 384 kbps low DAT 2 MUSICAM 6:1~8:1 256~192 kbps Medium DAB 3 ASPEC 10:1~12:1 128~112 kbps Most Audio transmission over ISDN→MP3 Miltimedia Communications, Spring, 2010 MPEG Audio Compression Algorithm Miltimedia Communications, Spring, 2010 Layer 3 of MPEG-1 Audio Miltimedia Communications, Spring, 2010 Employs a filter bank, except using a set of filters with non-equal frequencies Takes into account stereo redundancy Uses Modified Discrete Cosine Transform (MDCT) -- addresses problems that the DCT has at boundaries of the window used by overlapping frames by 50%: Layer 3 of MPEG-1 Audio Miltimedia Communications, Spring, 2010 Layer 3 of MPEG-1 Audio Miltimedia Communications, Spring, 2010 MPEG-2 AAC  (Advanced Audio Coding) Miltimedia Communications, Spring, 2010 The standard vehicle for DVDs: For the DVD-