数字信号处理--Chapter 3（第三版教材）.ppt

Chapter 3 Discrete-Time Fourier Transform The Continuous-Time Fourier Transform We already discussed this topic in Chapter 1. You can read this part(§3.1) in the textbook p117-122. Discrete-Time Fourier Transform Definition - The discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT) X(ej?) of a sequence x[n] is given by Discrete-Time Fourier Transform Xre(ej?) and Xim(ej?) are, respectively, the real and imaginary parts of X(ej?) , and are real functions of w X(ej?) can alternately be expressed as X(ej?) = | X(ej?) |ej?(?) where ?(?) = arg{X(ej?) } Discrete-Time Fourier Transform | X(ej?) | is called the magnitude function ?(?) is called the phase function Both quantities are again real functions of w In many applications, the DTFT is called the Fourier spectrum Likewise, | X(ej?) | and ?(?) are called the magnitude and phase spectra Discrete-Time Fourier Transform For a real sequence x[n], | X(ej?) | and Xre(ej?) are even functions of w, whereas, ?(?) and Xim(ej?) are odd functions of w Note: X(ej?) = | X(ej?) |ej?(?+2?k) = | X(ej?) |ej?(?) for any integer k The phase function q(w) cannot be uniquely specified for any DTFT Discrete-Time Fourier Transform Unless otherwise stated, we shall assume that the phase function q(w) is restricted to the following range of values: -? ? q(w) ? ? called the principal value Discrete-Time Fourier Transform The DTFTs of some sequences exhibit discontinuities of 2p in their phase responses An alternate type of phase function that is a continuous function of w is often used It is derived from the original phase function by removing the discontinuities of 2p Discrete-Time Fourier Transform Example - The DTFT of the unit sample sequence d[n] is given by Discrete-Time Fourier Transform Its DTFT is given by Discrete-Time Fourier Transform The magnitude and phase of the DTFT X(ej?) = 1/(1 – 0.5e-j?) are shown below Discrete-Time Fourier Transform The DTFT X(ej?) of a sequence x