信号与系统4.ppt

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Chapter 4 The Continuous-Time Fourier Transform Fourier Transform We have shown that Fourier series are useful in analyzing periodic signals, but many (most) signals are aperiodic. Need a more general tool –– Fourier transform. x(t) – an aperiodic signal – view it as the limit of a periodic signal as T→∞ The harmonic components are spaced ω0=2π/T apart, as T→∞, and ω0→0, then ω=kω0 becomes continuous Fourier series → Fourier integral Contents Aperiodic signals representation—— the Fourier transform The relationship between FT and FS Properties of the Fourier transform Spectrum analysis method on LTI systems 4.1 Representation of Aperiodic signals: The Continuous time Fourier Transform Example 3.5 The Fourier Series coefficients (2) Fourier transform representation of aperiodic signal Fourier transform pair Note: Another explanation to (4.8) (4.9): ——An aperiodic signal x(t) is represented as a linear combination of complex exponentials ( ), which occurs at a continuum of frequencies and have “amplitude” . 4.1.3 Examples of Continuous time Fourier Transform (3) 4.2 The Fourier Transform for Periodic Signal Note: The spectrum of periodic signals is discrete, and occurs at the harmonically related frequencies. The area of the impulse at the kth harmonic frequncy kw0 is 2πtimes the kth Fourier series coefficient ak. Examples: (1) 4.3 Properties of the Continuous time Fourier Transform Note: the effect of a time shift on a signal is to introduce into its transform a phase shift. Namely, -wt0, which is a linear function of w. Note: Applications of duality in time domain differentiation 4.4 The Convolution Property Note: h(t) is unit impulse response and completely characterizes an LTI system. H(jw) is also interpreted an LTI system. It is the frequency response of the system. A stable system has a frequency response H(jw). Deconvolution (反卷积) 4.5 The Multiplication Property 4.6 Tables of Fourier Properties and of Basic FT Pairs 4.7 Sys

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