动词时态二(中考英语语法及练习题).docVIP

时态 (二) 一般过去时和过去完成时的比较 一般过去式只是表示事情发生在过去，陈述一个事实，现在完成时表示某一完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，所以它不能和确定的表示过去的时间状语连用。 如： We have seen that film. 我们已看过那部电影。对现在造成的影响是我们对影片已有所了解。We saw the film last night. 昨天晚上我们看了那部电影。只说明昨天晚上看电影这一事实。 一般过去时通常和确定的表示过去的时间状语如：last night, in 1999, three days ago等连用。 现在完成时通常与”for+一段时间, since+一个过去的时间,already, yet, before, once, twice, * times, ever, never等连用。 　　注意：有些时间状语，如this morning,tonight, this month 等，既可用于一般过去时，又可用于现在完成时，但所表达的意义有所不同。用于现在完成时表示包括现在在内，而用于一般过去式则与现在无关。如： I have read this book this April.(说话时仍然为四月。) I read this book this April. (说话时四月份已过。) 　　 2. 一般过去式和过去完成时的比较： 　　一般过去式表示过去时间发生的动作或存在的状态，而过去完成时在过去某一时间或动作之前已完成的动作或状态，即过去的过去。当强调过去某一动作发生在某一动作之前时，常用此时态。　　 　　如： He had finished his homework before nine oclock.　九点之前他已经完成了作业。实际上，一般现在时和过去完成时常搭配使用。如： When he got home, his daughter had already gone to bed. 当他到家的时候，他的女儿早已去睡觉了。 在带有after和before引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，由于从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，所以可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。　如：He called on me soon after he had finished his homework. 他做完作业后不久便来拜访我。也可以说： He called on me soon after he finished his homework. 练习： 1. Zhao Lan ____ already ___ in this school for two years. A. was...studying 　　　 B. will ... study 　　　 C. has ...studied 　　　 D. are studying 2. They usually _____ TV in the evening. 　　　 A. watch 　　　 B. will watch 　　　 C. are watching 　　　 D. watches 3. Judy _____ the Great Wall twice, and now she still ______ to go there. A. went to , wanted 　 B. goes to , wants 　 C. has gone , wants 　　 D. has been to, wants 4. She will find him a kind man when she _______ more about him. 　　　 A. knows 　　　 B. know 　　　 C. will know 　　　 D. is going to know 5. --What are you going to give our teacher for Teachers Day? 　--Im not sure. Maybe I _____ him some flowers. 　　　 A. have given 　　　 B. will give 　　　 C. gave 　　 D. give 6. --Tom ______ out. 　　　　 --Oh, is he? What time _____ he _____ out? A. is, did, go 　　 B. went, is ,going 　　 C. has gone, did, go 　　　 D. is going, does, go 7. Its nine oclock now, they ______ an English class