[植物病害流行学For graduate students]epidemic-01.ppsVIP

Plant Disease Epidemiology 01—Introduction Plant Disease Epidemiology Vanderplank，南非人，其英国籍的祖先是比利时人的后裔，把他们的名字就像Vanderplank一样写成一个字，这种习惯在比利时现在仍然很流行。在正式场合，他把名字按荷兰的方式写成Van der plank，这种写法更投合南非荷兰白人后裔的习惯。 Plant Diseases: Epidemics and Control，1963 Plant Disease Epidemiology 曾士迈 ，1926年4月8日生于北京，为我国植病流行学奠基人之一。? 1962年发表了《小麦条锈病春季流行规律的数理分析》,标志着我国定量流行学的开始。70年代，将系统分析和电算模拟方法引入流行学研究, 研制出国内第一个植物病害流行的电算模型；以后又与人合作陆续研制出麦、稻、以及蔬菜上多种病害的模拟模型、预测模型和防治决策模型。 1980年在国内首次开植病流行学课, 1986年与杨演合作编著出版了国内第一本教材 《植物病害流行学》。1991年《植病流行学》课程被北京农业大学评为首批一类课程。 Plant Disease Epidemiology Focuses on how disease develops in populations of plants. Accounts for the quantitative and qualitative effects of time and space on plant diseases. Highly influenced by Jan Vanderplanck (South Africa) and his 1963 book, “Plant Diseases: Epidemics and Control” The ways of measuring epidemic components is important. Plant Disease Epidemiology Components of an Epidemic: (1) Susceptible Host (2) Virulent Pathogen (3) Conducive Environment (4) Favorable Time (5) Extensive Space (6) Favorable Human Activity Plant Disease Epidemiology Host Factors - Susceptibility Level - Genetic Uniformity - Growth Stage (plant age) - Type of Crop Plant Disease Epidemiology Pathogen Factors - Virulence Level - Genetic Variability - Inoculum quality and quantity - Type of Reproduction - Method of Spread Plant Disease Epidemiology Environmental Factors - Temperature - Moisture - Wind - Radiation Plant Disease Epidemiology Time Factors - Duration - Frequency Spatial Factors - Proximity of Crop - Geography Plant Disease Epidemiology Human Activity Factors - Cultivation Practices - Disease Management Plant Disease Epidemiology Disease Progress Curves – By analyzing disease progress over time, you can make direct comparisons of many factors that influence the epidemic (control treatments, environment, etc.) (1) Rate of Disease Increase (2) Area Under the Disease Progress Curve Plant Disease Epidem