[中学课件]定语从句.pptVIP

定语从句1.定义：修饰名词或代词的从句2.被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词3.引导定语从句的叫关系词4.关系词有关系代词和关系副词关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that关系副词：where，when, why  先行词 关系词 关系词在从句中担任的成分 物 that, which 主语，宾语，表语 whose 定语 when,where,why 状语 人 who, that 主语，宾语，表语 whose 定语 whom 宾语，表语 人，物，事 that 主语，宾语，表语 关系代词1.That 定语从句 that 作主语，宾语，表语；既可以指人又可以指物She is the women that often comes here.The book that is on my desk was written by my grandfather.2.which定语从句which做主语，宾语。指物That is the pen (which) I lost yesterday.Guilin is a city which has a history of 2000 years. 重点：以下的情况中只用that1.先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等All that we have to do is to practise every day.Little that he said is believable.2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.3.先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰Every means that had been tried proved to be useless.4.先行词被the only ,the very, the right, just the修饰时He is the only person that I want to talk to.This is just the book (that) I’m looking for. 5.先行词即有人又有物时They talk of things and persons that they remembered in the school.6.在there be句型中，句子的主语是先行词而且又是物There are two novels that I want to read.7.在定语从句中，如果一个从句用who或which引导，另一个用thatHe is the student that I have ever seen who can jump highest.My brother studies in the school which is the most beautiful in our city that isn’t far from here. 3.Who做主语，宾语，表语，只能指人The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.Those who wish to go to the museum must be at the gate by 7 a.m..4.whom是who的宾格，做宾语或表语，口语中常常省略。只能指人Mrs. Smith ( whom) you met yesterday is a friend of mine.The professor (whom) you wish to see has come.5.whose是who的所有格，做定语，即可指人又可指物They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen in.whose 可与of which 互换Please pass me the book whose cover is green.Please pass me the book the cover of which is green.Please pass me the book of which the cover is green.6.the way做先行词时，可以用that，in which 或者省略I hate the